<p>Heʻeia Fishpond  is an ancient Hawaiian fishpond located at Heʻeia on the island of Oahu in Hawaii. A walled coastal pond , it is the only Hawaiian fishpond fully encircled by a wall . Constructed sometime between the early 1200s and early 1400s, it was badly damaged by a 1965 flood and fell into disrepair. A protected area, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places in 1973. An effort begun in 1988 is underway to restore the fishpond as a fishery, cultural, scientific, and educational resource.</p><br>
<h2>Physical characteristics</h2><br>
<p>Heʻeia Fishpond is a "kuapā-style" fishpond, or walled coastal pond (loko i), enclosing an area of 88 acre in southern Kāneʻohe Bay About a quarter of its circumference is bounded on its southwestern side by private homes constructed on a bluff overlooking the bay. Another quarter lies along Heeia Stream, which demarcates the fishpond′s boundary with Heʻeia State Park to the northwest. Kāneʻohe Bay itself lies along the rest of the fishpond′s boundary.</p><br>
<p>Uniquely among Hawaiian fishponds, Heʻeia Fishpond has a wall (kuapā) which completely encircles it on both its seaward and landward sides; other Hawaiian fishponds have a wall — either semicircular or built in a straight line — which extends only from one point on the shoreline to another. On its seaward side, the wall is built on Malaukaʻa, a fringing reef. The wall may be the longest found in any Hawaiian fishpond, extending for an estimated 1.3 mi, or 7,000 ft.</p><br>
<p>The wall varies in width from 12 to 15 ft The wall was constructed using the Hawaiian dry-stack wall building (Uhau Humu Pohaku ) technique, which uses no mortar.</p><br>
<p>Heʻeia Fishpond ranges from 3 to 4 ft in depth. Its design allows it to create a brackish water (wai hapa kai) environment by mixing fresh water (wai) from shore with salt water (kai) from Kāneʻohe Bay. The drainage basin which feeds Heeia Stream extends from Kāneʻohe Bay inland about 5.1 km to the summit of the Koolau Range at an altitude of about 860 m and covers 3.6 square miles (9.324 km). The ancient Hawaiians planted taro (kalo) in the drainage basin, and their practice of flooding the taro patches (lōʻiīkalo) with stream water as a means of irrigation maintained water quality by reducing the amount of sediment in water reaching Heeia Fishpond via Heeia Stream. Before it empties into Kāneʻohe Bay, the stream (kahawai) passes along the northwestern perimeter of the fishpond. The wall has seven functioning sluice gates (mākāhā), with those along Heʻeia Stream regulating the flow of fresh water into the pond and those along the seaward side of the wall regulating the tidal flow of salt water between the fishpond and Kāneʻohe Bay. The wall′s design also slows the flow of water so that the pond maintains a base water level even during the lowest tides, and forces more water through the sluice gates.</p><br>
<p>Each sluice gate has an inner and outer gate. Closing both gates encloses an area 10 to 15 ft in length, trapping any marine life too large to escape through the gates and greatly simplifying the harvesting of food fish. At least some of the gates have a small hut (hale) adjacent to them to provide shelter to people monitoring and operating the gate.</p><br>
<p>Although sources agree that Heeia Fishpond has seven functioning sluice gates, they disagree on details about the gates. According to one source, the wall has three working sluice gates along Heʻeia Stream and four along the seaward side of the wall facing Kāneʻohe Bay. Another states that the fishpond has eight sluice gates, three along Heʻeia Stream and five facing Kāneʻohe Bay, but that one of the gates along the stream is in disrepair and no longer contributes to the flow of fresh water into the fishpond.</p><br>
<h2>Plant and animal life</h2><br>
<p>Hawaii lacks the lagoons found at atolls elsewhere in the Pacific Ocean, and Heeia Fishpond, like other Hawaiian fishponds, in effect creates a marine environment similar to that found in many lagoons. The brackish water maintained in the fishpond and its 3 to 4 ft depth are ideal for the growth of phytoplankton and a wide variety of edible seaweed and edible marine algae known collectively to the Hawaiians as limu. By cultivating limu, the fishpond&#39;s caretaker or guardian (kia) can establish a fishery by raising herbivorous fish in the pond without having to feed them, similar to the way in which a rancher on land can feed livestock by allowing it to graze on grass. Fish species found in the pond include flathead grey mullet, milkfish (awa), ringtail surgeonfish (pualu), eyestripe surgeonfish (palani), flagtail (āholehole), Pacific threadfin (moi), porcupinefish or burrfish (kōkala), barracuda (kākū), small barred jack and island jack (pāpio), longjaw bonefish and shortjaw bonefish, whitesaddle goatfish (Parupeneus porphyreus or kūmū), and yellowstripe goatfish (weke). The pond also is home to various species of crab (pāpa), shrimp, and eel (puhi).</p><br>
<p>When they are small enough, fish enter the fishpond via the sluice gates to feed on phytoplankton and limu. They then remain within it because of the abundance of food and become too large to get back into Kāneʻohe Bay via the sluice gates. Trapped within the fishpond, they continue to feed and grow until they reach a size suitable for harvest, which in the case of mullet takes about three years. The fish tend to be attracted to the sluice gates during high tide because of the influx of salt water, and this makes those that are of an appropriate size for harvesting easy to trap and catch in the sluice gates without risking harm to those which are still too small.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Heeia Fishpond apparently was constructed sometime between the early 1200s and early 1400s. While coral used in its construction was available in waters adjacent to the fishpond, the basalt rock required for its wall had to be brought to the site from at least 2 mi away. The fishpond took an estimated two to three years to build and probably required the labor of hundreds, if not thousands, of workers; one source claims that as many as 10,000 workers constructed the fishpond. Anthropologists and archaeologists believe that the fishpond played as important a role in meeting the nutritional needs of the local population as the taro (kalo) fields in the area and estimate that after its completion, the fishpond supported a community of several thousand people in the Heeia area. According to at least one account, King Kamehameha I himself may have at one time contributed to the maintenance of Heeia Fishpond.</p><br>
<p>The concept of land ownership in the Western sense was unknown to the Hawaiian people until the Great Māhele of March 7, 1848, in which King Kamehameha III sought to redistribute land in the Kingdom of Hawaii so as to create a Western-style system of private land ownership. The Great Māhele assigned most of the land in the Heeia area, including the fishpond, to High Chief Abner Kuhooheiheipahu Pākī, making him the first recorded owner of Heʻeia Fishpond. Upon his death in 1855, his daughter Bernice Pauahi Bishop inherited the land from him, and when she died in 1884 her will directed that her lands be used to create what became known as the Bernice Pauahi Bishop Estate and fund what became the Kamehameha Schools. The Kamehameha Schools still own the fishpond today.</p><br>
<p>Presumably, Heeia Fishpond underwent various alterations over the centuries in response to events such as storms, floods, and tsunamis. destroying over 200 ft of it. The fishpond fell into disuse and disrepair for over 20 years after the flood, allowing the mangrove trees to invade it and sediment to build up within it.</p><br>
<p>By the time of the 1965 flood, land developers had begun to eye the fishpond as a site for potential construction, and they succeeded in having portions of the fishpond rezoned from "agricultural" to "urban," which permitted builders to fill in and develop the rezoned area. The local community countered by getting the fishpond placed on the National Register of Historic Places on January 17, 1973, and in 1974 the fishpond was rezoned as conservation land.</p><br>
<p>Mary Brooks, an aquaculturalist, leased Heeia Fishpond in 1989. She and volunteers already had begun temporary repairs to the damaged wall in 1988. The most serious breach the 1965 flood made in the wall was an 80 ft gap which had once included a sluice gate (mākāhā). In this gap, ocean currents subsequently scoured the seabed up to 6 ft below grade where the wall had stood in 1965. In 1992, Brooks and her volunteers completed a temporary 253 ft angular wall made up of 70 cubic yards of concrete in waters to landward of the gap where scouring had lowered the seabed level by only 3 ft.</p><br>
<p>Brooks experimented with aquaculture at the fishpond and had success in raising flathead grey mullet, Pacific threadfin (moi), tilapia, and the edible red seaweed Gracilaria (known as ogonori or "ogo").</p><br>
<p>Paepae o Heeia became the fishpond&#39;s official steward in 2003, with a goal of providing both nutritional and cultural sustenance to the local population, as well as a scientific and educational resource for studies of both the coastal environment and the culture of the Native Hawaiians.</p><br>
<p>In September 2006, Paepae o Heeia offered for sale the first harvest of Pacific threadfin (moi) from Heeia Fishpond since restoration work began. In early 2007, Paepae o Heeia estimated that the fishpond, once restored, had the potential to support a population of 1,500 people.</p><br>
<p>On November 20, 2023, a United States Navy P-8A Poseidon aircraft overshot the runway at Marine Corps Air Station Kaneohe Bay and came to rest in shallow water in Kaneohe Bay about 1.5 mi upwind of the fishpond. The incident raised concerns that a jet fuel leak from the plane could damage the local environment, including the fish pond itself.</p><br>
<h2>Restoration</h2><br>
<p>Paepae o Heeia&#39;s restoration work at Heeia Fishpond consists of various programs. By the spring of 2007, Paepae o Heeia was hosting community workdays twice a month, during each of which 40 to 100 volunteers performed restoration activities under Paepae o Heeia oversight.</p><br>
<h3>Mangrove removal</h3><br>
<p>The invasive mangroves introduced to the Heeia area sometime around 1922 — primarily red mangrove (Rhizophora mangle) — grew unchecked throughout Heʻeia Fishpond after the 1965 flood, damaging the fishpond&#39;s wall and causing an accelerated build-up of silt.</p><br>
<h3>Wall repair and rehabilitation</h3><br>
<p>The damage to the Heʻeia Fishpond wall resulting from the 1965 flood, the growth of mangrove roots, and the activities of eels varied from a few stones missing from its top in some places to portions where the wall had broken down all the way to its foundation (niho) stones. Repair and restoration of the wall requires the removal from it of invasive plant species — mangroves, pluchea, pickleweed, and other weeds — followed by repair or reconstruction of the outer basalt portions of the wall and filling the gap between them with coral. Between early 2004 and early 2007, when wall repairs cost about US$1,500 per 100 ft, volunteers repaired about 600 ft of the wall</p><br>
<p>and by early 2007 six of the wall′s sluice gates (mākāhā) were functioning. By 2008, the temporary 1992 concrete wall was failing, and required replacement by a permanent wall repair. In December 2015, the largest hole in the wall was closed. A 50 m section of the wall destroyed in 1965 was not rebuilt to the same height as the original wall, and as a result water can flow between the fishpond and Kāneʻohe Bay over this portion of the wall during high tide.</p><br>
<h3>Invasive seaweed removal</h3><br>
<p>Removal of invasive seaweed — primarily Kappaphycus, Acanthophora spicifera, and Gracilaria salicornia — from Heeia Fishpond began in 2004, and by 2018 Paepae o He‘eia had removed over 50 ST of it. The seaweed is rich in potassium, and when possible is provided to farmers for use as a fertilizer. In 2019, Paepae o He‘eia began partnering with the Heʻeia National Estuarine Research Reserve System (NERRS) and The Nature Conservancy to enhance invasive seaweed removal efforts.</p><br>
<h3>Other work</h3><br>
<p>In 2020, the University of Hawaiʻi began a project that included the installation of bioretention basins on storm drain outlets which capture storm water from over 50 homes and street surfaces and empty into Heeia Fishpond. The bioretention basins are intended to improve water quality in the fishpond by removing as many pollutants as possible before water from storm drains enters the fishpond.</p><br>
<p>The Hansa Haus is a historic building in Downtown Baltimore, Maryland, United States. The structure is a Baltimore City Landmark, and a contributing property of the Business and Government Historic District, on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>Attributes and history</h2><br>
<p>The building was designed by the firm Parker, Thomas & Rice in 1911. It was built for the Savings Bank of Baltimore, especially for their tenant Albert Schumacher and Company, a German shipping agent. The building is designed to resemble a medieval courthouse standing in Halberstadt, Germany. It is named in honor of the Hanseatic League, a medieval confederation of German city-states.</p><br>
<p>The building has 2.5 stories, with an exterior of brick and stucco. The building&#39;s upper floors have a half-timber style. It is decorated with the coats of arms of cities that were part of the Hanseatic League, along with a carved panel of a ship in full sail, the logo of the league. Despite a large and prominent German population in Baltimore history, the Hansa Haus is the only early Germanic-style building in the city.</p><br>
<p>Second-floor tenants included the Imperial German Consulate and the Royal Swedish Vice-Consulate. The Swedish consulate moved out around the 1920s, though the German consulate remained in the building through the 1930s. After 1945, tenants changed frequently, with the same owner. In the early 1970s, the building&#39;s demolition was considered, as its small space limited its use. First Maryland Bank purchased the building and restored it, using the structure for the office of their president, and for their personnel department. There have been additional tenants since then, including the present printing and office service company.</p><br>
<p>The building was listed as contributing to the Business and Government Historic District, on the National Register of Historic Places, in 1987. In 2011, it was listed as an individual Baltimore City Landmark.</p><br>
<p>The Spokane Flour Mill, commonly known as the Flour Mill among locals, is a historic building in Downtown, Spokane, Washington located adjacent to the Spokane Falls on the rivers north bank. The building was constructed in 1895 and designed by the Edward P. Allis company. The Flour Mill served as a flour mill from 1900 until 1972; it was converted into offices and a retail mall in advance of Spokane hosting the 1974 Worlds Fair, and has continued to serve those purposes since. As of 2022, the Flour Mill is home to offices, restaurants and shops.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Spokane Flour Mill was constructed in 1895. Milling, both timber and grain, was an integral part of the city&#39;s early economy, and the Flour Mill was one of numerous mills built in the immediate vicinity of the falls.</p><br>
<p>After the Panic of 1893 crashed the local economy, the city purchased shares in the Spokane Falls Water Power Company for $27,000. That same year, the company was sold to the Northwestern Milling and Power Company. The second company was then mortgaged to a Dutch firm, Amsterdamsch Trustees Kantoor, for $300,000 in order to build a new grain and sawmill at the falls. The contract for the construction was awarded to Milwaukee&#39;s Edward P. Allis and the W. C. Care Milling company. They estimated a cost of $90,000 for construction of the Flour Mill. The foundation for the building was laid in September 1895 and construction was nearly complete by December of that year.</p><br>
<p>Though the building was complete by the end of 1895, it did not become operational until 1900 due to a series of lawsuits concerning ownership of the mill. The city sued Northwestern Milling, and Amsterdamsch Trustees Kantoor foreclosed on its mortgage. The lawsuits made their way all the way to the Washington Supreme Court. Amsterdamsch Trustees Kantoor ultimately won control of the mill. In July 1900, Amsterdamsch Trustees Kantoor sold the Flour Mill, along with 27 acres of property along the falls, to Washington Water Power. The mill was incorporated in 1901 as Inland Empire Milling, and three years later it was disincorporated and reincorporated as Spokane Flour Mill.</p><br>
<p>The Flour Mill was operational until 1972, when depreciation combined with increasingly obsolete equipment within the mill ultimately forced its closure. At the time of closure, the Flour Mill was one of just two operational grain mills remaining in the city. In the years leading up to the closure of the Flour Mill, much of the city center was undergoing urban decay. All other mills surrounding the falls were ultimately demolished, but the Flour Mill was spared from abandonment or demolition due to a combination of fortuitous circumstances: its location, and the timing of its closure. Spokane was set to host the 1974 Worlds Fair just two years after the mills closure. The setting for the fair would be the islands in the Spokane Falls and the south bank of the river adjacent to the falls. The Flour Mill was located directly to the west of the north entrance to the fair. In 1973 and 1974 the building was renovated and converted into a shopping center. It was one of the first examples of historic preservation and adaptive reuse of a building in Spokane.</p><br>
<p>On October 4, 1977, the Flour Mill was nominated to the National Register of Historic Places. On February 8 of the following year, the building was entered into the national register.</p><br>
<p>During the early 2000s, during an economic downturn, many tenants left the Flour Mill. The buildings owners made upgrades to the interior, elevator, security and landscaping that resulted in the newly-vacant storefronts finding new occupants.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Flour Mill is a four-story building from the street front, with a seven-story elevation in the rear that drops down to the level of the river. It is a red brick building built atop a granite foundation with dimensions of 60 by 130 feet. The height of the street-facing portion of the building is 45 feet, though the rear of the building rises to 86 feet. Along the east of the building is a covered bay for rail cars that allowed for loading of grain even in inclement weather. The main structure of the building is covered by a gambrel roof. On the north and west faces of the building is a one-story, L-shaped annex that was added in 1916.</p><br>
<p>When the Flour Mill was converted for commercial use the interior was partitioned into restaurant, shop and office space. A glass extension was added to the third and forth stories, which extends outward from and overhangs the main structure, to provide restaurant patrons with a view of the falls. Interior stairways provide access to the third and fourth stories, which are home to the shops and restaurants in the building. An elevator provide access to the other floors, which house office space.</p><br>
<p>As of 2022, the Flour Mill is home to numerous small and local shops and a handful of restaurants. Clinkerdagger, a restaurant known for steaks and seafood, has been located in the Flour Mill for more than 45 years. In 2018, Clinkerdagger was named one of the 100 most scenic restaurants in America by OpenTable. Another longtime tenant is Wonders of the World, a locally-owned shop that imports a variety of products from around the world, from jewelry to crystals to home decor, as well as a 50,000 year old cave bear skeleton. It has been in business at the Flower Mill since 1992. Other longtime tenants include a kitchen supply shop, tobacco shop,</p><br>
<p>Flour Mill Entrance.pngWest entrance to the shopping center</p><br>
<p>Flour Mill Interior.pngInterior of the shopping center</p><br>
<p>Flour Mill Rail Close.pngOld rail car loading bay</p><br>
<p>Riverside, Spokane, WA, USA - panoramio (57).jpgSouth view showing the patio at Clinkerdagger</p><br>
<p>The Warm Mineral Springs Building Complex consists of three historic buildings built in 1959 in the Warm Mineral Springs park in North Port, Florida. The buildings include a Park Spa Building, a sales building attached to the Spa Building, and a Cyclorama which contained an exhibit depicting Ponce de Leon&#39;s alleged discovery of the Fountain of Youth. The three buildings were added to the park facilities to house a Florida Quadricentennial celebration, which ran from December 14, 1959, to March 15, 1960. The Spa Building and the Cyclorama were designed by Jack West, a leader of the Sarasota School of Architecture. The buildings were added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2019.</p><br>
<p>The McFadden Barn, in Chaffee County, Colorado near Buena Vista, Colorado was built in 1900-01. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2022.</p><br>
<p>It is a bank barn.</p><br>
<p>Its NRHP nomination was a project of Front Range Research Associates, Inc., who reported that dendrochronological testing would be used to date a log cabin on the property.</p><br>
<p>In fact the final nomination stated that the McFadden Barn was erected 1900-01, based on the dendrochronological analysis. It is a rectangular 81x20 ft barn facing south-southeast. It has an original 68x20 ft gabled roof section on the east and a smaller 13x20 ft, lower, shed-roof western section. This latter seems to be an historic era addition. It is built on a dry laid fieldstone foundation, although repairs recently before the nomination had mortared some parts of the wall.</p><br>
<p>The lower level, accessed from the south, has two open bays for vehicle and other storage on its west side, and its east side is enclosed.</p><br>
<p>Its upper level was described as being "clad with flush horizontal tongue-and-groove boards with corner boards" and it topped by two cupolas and lightning arrestors.</p><br>
<p>It was deemed "locally significant... for its architecture, as a large example of an early twentieth century bank barn in Chaffee County, Colorado. The building also is notable for its log post and beam construction with unusual joinery."</p><br>
<p>The McFadden homestead was established in 1881.</p><br>
<p>The Cozad Downtown Historic District in Cozad, Nebraska is a historic district which was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2018.</p><br>
<p>The Hendee Hotel in Cozad, built in 1879 for John J. Cozad, the founder of the city of Cozad, is not included in the district (in fact is just outside of its borders) but is already listed on the National Register.</p><br>
<p>The listing included 37 contributing resources and one already-listed property.</p><br>
<p>The district is generally described by History Nebraska:In the 1910s and 1920s, the original route of the Lincoln Highway passed through downtown Cozad greatly influencing its development until rerouted south of downtown in 1926. The district contains an intact collection of late-nineteenth- and early-to-mid-twentieth-century commercial buildings that reflect seven decades of commercial development in Cozad."</p><br>
<p>The already-listed building was Allen&#39;s Opera House. Not included was the NRHP-listed Hendee Hotel a.k.a. Robert Henri Museum, a few doors away. The 100th Meridian Museum appears to be adjacent (see ) but is not NRHP-listed.</p><br>
<p>Selected buildings in the district are:</p><br>
<p>Allen&#39;s Opera House (1906), 100 E. 8th St.</p><br>
<p>Atkinson Building (1890), 711-715 Meridian Avenue, the oldest building in the district</p><br>
<p>Brown and Bennison Building (1897), 746 Meridian Avenue, with 1905 addition stretching down 8th street to 113 East 8th Street.</p><br>
<p>Schade Brewery, commonly known as Schade Towers, is a historic building in the University District section of the East Central neighborhood of Spokane, Washington. It was built in 1902, with additional construction taking place in 1903, 1907 and between 1934 and 1937. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places  in 1994. Built to house a brewery, the building has seen numerous uses over its century-plus in existence ranging from serving as housing for vagrants while abandoned, to its present use as commercial and office space.</p><br>
<p>Schade Brewery is a 5-story building located at the intersection of Spokane Falls Boulevard and Front Street, and adjacent to the Spokane River, just east of Downtown Spokane. Schade Tower is considered significant for its architecture and contributions to commerce and industry.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Bernhardt Schade, an immigrant from Germany, arrived in Spokane in the early 1890s. He spent a decade working as a brew master at Spokanes New York Brewery, owned by Rudolph Gorkow. Gorkow died in 1896, and after an extended legal battle over Gorkows will, Schade received a bequest from Gorkow which he used to branch out on his own and establish the Schade Brewery in 1903. Schade purchased the property in 1903, which included an newly construction cold storage facility standing two-and-a-half stories tall. The cold storage facility became the central section of the Schade Brewery building, which was expanded upon in 1903 based on a plan by architect Lewis Stritesky. This round of construction included the western facade, with the multi-story arched entry and five story tower. Advertisements for B. Schade Beer began appearing around Spokane that same year.</p><br>
<p>The Brewery was originally capable of producing 35,000 to 40,000 barrels of beer annually. That capacity was expanded in 1907 to 100,000 barrels per year, and a bottling facility was built on the property that same year. Less than a decade later, on June 16, 1916, Spokane enacted prohibition which forced Schade Brewery to soda and near beer, though neither was nearly as popular as Schades previous products. Production was ultimately stalled in 1918 due to low demand and Schades poor health, and three years later Schade took his own life.</p><br>
<p>Throughout the Prohibition Era and into the Great Depression the building sat empty, and was at times used as a homeless shelter and soup kitchen. Its location alongside transcontinental rail lines made Schade Brewery a logical location to house vagrants. Upon the repeal of prohibition in 1933, Schade Brewery was purchased by M. Rosauer, whose Golden Age Brewery returned the building to its original purchase. Having fallen into disrepair, the period from 1933 through 1937 saw the final phase of major construction on the structure and the brewery&#39;s capacity was increased to 200,000 barrels per year. Architect G.A. Pehrson was commissioned to draw up plans for the renovation and construction of this period, which included work on concrete, repairs to the wood floors, and construction of a 57 by 104 foot addition on the east of the building.</p><br>
<p>Golden Age Brewery operated at the site until 1948, when it was sold to locally owned Bohemian Brewing, who would later sell it to Chicago-based Atlantic Brewing. In 1959, the building&#39;s days as a brewery came to an end when it was sold to Inland Metal, which used the property as a warehouse until 1977. During that time, Schade Brewery was used to store salvaged building materials and the surrounding property became a junk yard. The building deteriorated once again. Louis Roy purchased the building in 1977 and made attempts to improve it, but ultimately gave up and retained its use as storage.</p><br>
<p>While it has never returned to its roots as a brewery, the Schade Brewery&#39;s fortunes took a turn for the better in 1991 when the building was purchased by Louis and Gailya Bonzon. The Bozons made improvements to the lower levels, renovating most of the first floor and leasing space to a carpet business and antique store.</p><br>
<p>Renovation work has continued into the 21st century, as Schade Brewery became known as Schade Towers. No longer industrial, as of 2011, Schade Towers was home to roughly 70,000 square feet of floor space and 60,000 square feet of retail and office space.</p><br>
<p>In 2021, No-Li Brewhouse honored the history of Schade Brewery with a commemorative pint glass featuring an illustration of the west facade with the large arched window and tower. In a Facebook post about the commemorative glass, No-Li wrote that "Schade Brewing helped establish the Spokane craft beer scene."</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>Schade Brewery is a roughly rectangular-shaped structure with dimensions of 101 by 201 feet. The southern facade is not parallel to the northern facade, but flares out slightly as it moves from the west to eastern facades. Most of the facade is built of red brick on a granite foundation, with the exception of a few areas constructed of poured concrete.</p><br>
<p>The building was constructed in four main phases, with the first taking place in 1902. That section was composed of a -story structure built for cold storage with a gambrel roof. It comprises the central mass of the building, and can be viewed from the exterior along the northern facade. The 1903 additions include the five story western section and tower, which was important for the gravity-fed operations of the brewery. The facades of this addition include large, arched windows. The largest of which is located on the western front, which is now located at the main entrance to the building, and spans 42 feet wide. Corbelled brick molding outlines the large arched windows, with a brick keystone capping the vertex of the largest of the arched windows.</p><br>
<p>The tower stands five stories tall with a gabled roof atop, located behind stepped parapet walls on the east and west facades, which feature circular windows near their peak. In 1907, a two-story addition was constructed directly east of the tower and south of the original 1902 structure. The 1907 addition measures 32 feet by 97 feet, with its exterior (southern) wall being the only non-parallel exterior wall in the structure. The windows and doorways on the 1907 addition are all arched on the first floor, with rectangular windows on the second story.</p><br>
<p>Between 1934 and 1937, an addition was added to the east of the building that is markedly different in style from the rest of the structure. Measuring 57 by 104 feet, the exterior walls were made of poured concrete instead of the red brick used in the rest of the building. Moving from the front of the building in the west to the rear of the building in the east, the land slopes down towards the Spokane River, the banks of which are located just over 100 feet from the northeast corner of the building. This slope allowed for the east addition to include a two-story basement.</p><br>
<p>Original wood flooring was removed over the years, but the concrete floors on most stories have remained. The concrete floors, with drainage plans necessary for a brewery of its time, have helped maintain structural integrity of the building and prevent calamitous water damage from occurring.</p><br>
<p>Brick walls were built three feet thick on the lower stories and two feet thick in the upper stories, to project a sense of power and importance. The stepped parapet roof of the tower and the brewery&#39;s gambrel roof are reminiscent of Flemish architecture, putting the Schade Brewery into the Dutch Revival style.</p><br>
<p>The Oscar G. Johnson VA Medical Center is a Veterans Administration hospital, opened in 1950. It is located at 325 East H Street in Iron Mountain, Michigan. The complex was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2022.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>As World War II came to a close, the need for veteran&#39;s healthcare increased in the western Upper Peninsula. In 1945, Iron Mountain was selected as the site for the construction of a new hospital. In 1946, the former Von Platen-Fox Lumber Company site was purchased as a location, and the Veterans Administration turned the project over to the United States Army Corps of Engineers to manage. The Corps hired the Chicago firm of Fugard, Olsen, Urbain, and Neiler to design the complex, and Wallace G. Atkinson to design the landscape. Plans were developed through 1947, and ground was finally broken at the site in March 1948. The Corps managed the construction through early 1950, transferring it back to the VA in February of that year. The Iron Mountain VA Hospital was dedicated on March 5, 1950.</p><br>
<p>The complex did not require any expansion for nearly 50 years. In 1997, an Ambulatory Care addition was constructed. Other small outbuildings were added in the early 2000s. In 2007, the hospital was renamed the Oscar G. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, after Dickinson County native and Medal of Honor recipient Oscar G. Johnson. In 2008, a new Rehabilitation and Extended Care Center/Community Living Center was constructed, and in 2011 the Outpatient Clinic was expanded.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Oscar G. Johnson VA Medical Center consists of eight original buildings constructed in the late 1940s, and an additional eight smaller buildings dating from around 2000. The complex is situated on a 26.1-acre campus. The eight original building, as well as the design of the complex landscape, contribute to the historic quality of the site. The smaller buildings are non-contributing. The eight contributing buildings are:</p><br>
<p>Main Hospital</p><br>
<p>Power House, Garage, and Fire Department</p><br>
<p>Attendants Quarters</p><br>
<p>Manager&#39;s Quarters</p><br>
<p>Duplex Apartments</p><br>
<p>Nurses Quarters</p><br>
<p>Flagpole</p><br>
<p>Garage</p><br>
<p>The Central Steam Heat Plant, commonly known as Steam Plant Square, or simply as the Steam Plant, is a historic building in Downtown Spokane, Washington. Originally built to provide steam heating to more than 300 buildings in Spokanes city center, the Steam Plant served that purpose until the 1980s, when it was no longer viable. In the 1990s, the Steam Plant and adjacent Seehorn-Lang Building were converted into Steam Plant Square, a commercial, retail and restaurant center. The conversion maintained many of the industrial steam plant structures such as furnaces, boilers, catwalks and pipe networks, which can still be seen and explored by visitors and patrons. The Steam Plants pair of 225-foot-tall stacks have been a unique and iconic aspect of the city&#39;s skyline for more than a century, and are illuminated from their base at night. If the stacks were considered to be a building, they would rank as the third tallest in the city.</p><br>
<p>The Steam Plant was listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) in December 1996, three months after it was listed on the Spokane Register of Historic Places. In 1999, it was listed as a contributing property to the West Downtown Historic Transportation Corridor, a district listed on the NRHP. The property was owned by Avista, the region&#39;s energy provider, for more than a century until being sold to a private developer in 2021.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Plans for a central heating service in Spokanes city center were made towards the end of an era of explosive growth in the city, which began with rebuilding efforts after the Great Spokane Fire of 1889 and lasted through to World War I. The Steam Plant was one of the last large construction projects reflecting the entrepreneurial spirit of Spokanes boom town days. Spokane businessman Harry A. Flood conceived the idea as a way to economically heat the five buildings his firm owned in the city center. In February 1913, Flood applied to the city with his plans asking to be granted a franchise to realize the idea, and he was granted the franchise in April of the following year. The city mandated that Flood&#39;s franchise produce heating for 10 city blocks in the city center as well as to produce electricity. Once the franchise was granted, Flood left his firm and founded the Merchants Central Heating Company of Spokane. By the end of 1915, the Merchants Central Heating Company purchased two lots adjacent to a Northern Pacific railroad from millionaire August Paulsen. A temporary plant was constructed on the site, which provided heat to 38 adjacent buildings including The Davenport Hotel.</p><br>
<p>In 1916, the Merchants Central Heating Company was dissolved and replaced with the Spokane Heat, Light and Power company, which brought Chicago engineering firm Arnold and Company on to design the permanent Steam Plant structure. The east stack was the first to be completed, in September 1916. Spokane Heat, Light and Power found success in drawing clients for its steam heat, but not for its electricity. As a result, the early days of the Steam Plant saw its ownership heavily indebted to investors, including Pittsburghs Westinghouse Electric Corporation, which provided the plants heating equipment. The company was put into receivership and ultimately purchased in 1919 by Washington Water Power, which through its successors owned the Steam Plant until 2021. Washington Water Power administered the Steam Plant through its Spokane Central Heating Company.</p><br>
<p>Modernization efforts were undertaken in the early-1970s, including pollution-control measures, but they were not enough to maintain cost-effective operations at the plant. Steam pipes crisscrossing downtown had deteriorated as well, adding to the plants fiscal woes. In the early-1980s the plants fate was sealed with its impending closure being announced. That closure ultimately came when the final boiler was turned off in December 1986. The building then sat vacant for about a decade</p><br>
<p>Wells&#39; transformation of the formerly industrial structure into a retail and commercial space known as Steam Plant Square, included the adjacent and historic Seehorn-Lang Building. The renovation was honored with the National Preservation Honor Award from the National Trust for Historic Preservation. A second, smaller renovation was undertaken in 2017 that saw upgrades to its event center. Avista sold the Steam Plant Square complex in 2021 to Spokane developer Jerry Dicker, who owns numerous hotels and historic properties in Spokane including the Bing Crosby Theater and Montvale Block. Dicker plans to continue the development and mixed-use nature of the complex.</p><br>
<h3>Post-industrial use</h3><br>
<p>Steam Plant Square, which comprises the Central Steam Heat Plant building and the neighboring Seehorn-Long Building, is home to a mix of office, retail and restaurant tenants. Ron Wells, who oversaw the redevelopment of the Steam Plant in the late-1990s, told The Spokesman-Review in 2017, "Its a huge gift to Spokane. Theres just nothing like it. No other city has saved a steam plant to that degree." has been home to numerous locally owned shops, and become a tourist attraction for its unique mix of industrial history and contemporary commerce. Men&#39;s Journal named the Steam Plant one of the 10 coolest places to drink craft beer in the United States.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The Steam Plant is a steel-reinforced concrete and brick structure 140 feet long and 83 feet wide. The main building stands three stories tall with a height of 50 feet. The twin smokestacks rise to a height of 225 feet and are located on in the northeast and northwest corners of the building. The stacks have a diameter of 17.5 feet on the outside and 13 feet on their interior. The stacks taper as they rise, but flare at the top, with a diameter of 13.5 feet on the outside and 12 feet on the interior. The north side of the building connects to the adjacent railroad tracks on a raised right of way, which allowed for coal to be unloaded from trains directly into the plant.</p><br>
<p>On the south façade are five two-story-high arched windows framed with white terra cotta. A five-foot-tall concrete base runs along the street, with bricks composing the bulk of the façade above that. Three of the five windows end at the base, while two have been extended to street level, having been converted into doors. Between the five arched windows and the cornice are five rectangular windows, one above each of the five arched windows. The rectangular windows are separated by bricks, but their white terra cotta sills are connected. The cornice is also made of white terra cotta below a brick parapet.</p><br>
<p>The north façade faces an elevated railroad right of way and served as the connection between the plant and the trains delivering coal. As a result, it is designed for functionality more so than the south façade. Like the south façade, it has a concrete base with bands of horizontally laid bricks above that. At the second story is an entrance and window in the center, similar to the arched windows on the south. The north façade also features a plain white terra cotta cornice with a brick parapet above it. A brick structure with a gabled roof is located above the parapet and between the two smokestacks.</p><br>
<p>The east and west façades were designed identically, but have been altered with the construction and demolition of adjoining buildings. The east façade formerly abutted offices for the plant, but is now next to an Avista substation. The west façade connects to the Seehorn-Lang Building and serves as the main entrance.</p><br>
<p>Inside the building is a cavernous space of steel beams, catwalks and staircases. Much of the piping from the plant&#39;s time in use remains visible, and the coal bunker suspended in the center is as well.</p><br>
<p>Steam Plant Stairs.pngInterior stairs and an old tank</p><br>
<p>Stacks NE.pngLooking up above the main entrance</p><br>
<p>CoalHanger.pngOffice space in the converted coal bunker</p><br>
<p>Vertical West Stack.pngView up the west stack</p><br>
<p>Plantgrill1 (3942192845).jpgView of the south façade</p><br>
<p>Old Oak, also known as the Elijah Bull House is a Federal style house, located at 6115 Wing Lake Road in Bloomfield Township, Michigan. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2022.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In 1821, Austin Eli Wing acquired 130 acres of property on the shore of what is now Wing Lake. In 1829, he moved to Monroe, Michigan and met the young Elijah Bull. Bull, born in 1801, had just moved to Michigan with his wife Melinda from New York State. In late 1829, Wing sold Bull half of his property; Bull purchased further acreage from a neighbor in 1830. The Bulls moved to this Bloomfield Township in late 1829 or 1830 and constructed a house. Although the exact construction of that house is unknown, the existence of thick interior stone walls in the current structure suggests that the Bulls had a smaller fieldstone dwelling that was later incorporated into the larger house.</p><br>
<p>Elijah Bull took an active role in the early development of Bloomfield Township, serving as Bloomfield Townships Overseer of Road Districts, school commissioner, school inspector, and Commissioner of Highways. He had five children with his wife Melinda, and married his second wife Mary Ellen in 1841. He lived in this house until his death in 1871. In 1874, his son William sold the farm and house to a neighbor, William P. Durkee. He transferred the farm to his son Walter P. Durkee in 1878; it then passed to Williams daughter Hattie Durkee Horn, who sold it to Jefferson M. and Mary Thurber in 1893.</p><br>
<p>Jefferson Thurber was a businessman and likely never lived on the farm; rather, his son Thomas lived in the house and ran the farm. In 1925, Jefferson M. Thurber sold the farm to a development corporation, the Wing Lake Land Company, who parceled the property into 70 lots. The lot containing the house was purchased by coal company owner John. W. Gillette, Jr. and his wife Louise in 1926; the couple modernized the house, adding interior plumbing and electricity. In 1962, the house was sold to Bill and Nancy Sanders Chickering, and in 1975 to Marilyn and Gerald Tuchow. The Tuchows lived in the house through at least 2022.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Elijah Bull House is located on a large grassy lot with a massive heritage white oak tree in the front yard. Near the main house are a well and cistern, dating from the 1830s, a well house (post-1860), and a two-story, wood-frame garage built in 1990. The lot slopes, with the house built into the slope such that it has a walk-in lower level.</p><br>
<p>The Elijah Bull House is a rectangular, five-bay, two-and-one-half story timber frame Federal style house with a shallow side-gabled roof covered with cedar shakes. It is clad with clapboard with cornerboards and rests on a multicolored split fieldstone foundation. A plain cornice is located beneath the eaves and two brick chimneys rise from the roof.</p><br>
<p>The Seehorn-Lang Building is a historic building in Downtown Spokane, Washington. Since the late 1990s it has been commonly known as part of Steam Plant Square, a commercial and retail center which it forms together with the adjacent Central Steam Heat Plant building. Built in 1890, it is one of the oldest buildings in Spokane, as many buildings constructed prior were destroyed in the Great Spokane Fire of 1889. The building is listed on the National Register of Historic Places  as well as the state and local historic registers. Additionally, it is a contributing property in the West Downtown Historic Transportation Corridor, a historic district added to the NRHP in 1999.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Prior to 1889, the lot on which the Seehorn-Lang Building sits was vacant. Spokane businessmen Gile O. Bump and C. W. Ide purchased the property and deeded it to the Spokane Storage Company, which built a storage structure on the site. However, the structure would quickly be replaced after the Great Spokane Fire by the brick Seehorn-Lang Building. Built in 1890, the original structure of the building was smaller than it is at present, occupying only two-thirds of its lot. Early tenants were food distributors and packing companies. By 1910, the building had been expanded north to fill nearly its entire lot.</p><br>
<p>Also in 1910, prominent early Spokane businessman Elihu "Billy" Seehorn moved his Seehorn Transfer and Storage Company into the building. Though the company would leave the building 15 years later and move a block to the east, the Seehorn-Lang Building would retain the Seehorn name in public use. The title for the property was acquired by local businessman John Lang in 1925, giving the building the second part of its hyphenated name.</p><br>
<p>When the Seehorn company moved out in 1925, alterations were made to the building. A new facade along Lincoln Street was constructed, which as of 2022 remains to this day. The interior was also renovated, converting the building into a retail sales space with nine rooms for lease. John Lang died in 1926, and ownership of the building was passed to his widow, Wilhelmina, who managed the property until her death 14 years later. At that time, in 1940, the Lang&#39;s son, Otto Lang took over ownership of the property until his death, when it then passed to his widow Mary Lang. Avista sold both the Seehorn-Lang Building and the Steam Plant, which together form the Steam Plant Square, to Spokane developer Jerry Dicker in 2021.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Seehorn-Lang Building is located between 151 and 165 South Lincoln Street in Downtown Spokane. A raised railroad right-of-way runs along the building&#39;s northern side, with an alleyway between the two. Lincoln Street runs along the western side of the building, where the main entrance and storefronts are located. To the east the building is connected to the Central Steam Heat Plant, together which it forms Steam Plant Square.</p><br>
<p>The building is 50 feet deep, 137 feet long and stands two stories tall. The western facade along Lincoln Street is on a slight slope, dropping as the road goes to the north. There are three storefront entry bays along Lincoln Street. The Lincoln Street facade was constructed in 1925 with dark red brick and white concrete trim. Piers along the facade have terracotta ornamental panels near the top of the first story. The second story is lined with 18 rectangular, vertically oriented windows. Terrazzo staircases extend out from the building&#39;s three recessed entrances into the sidewalk. The lower half of the south facade was part of the original 1890 structure.</p><br>
<p>An aspect of the buildings significance, beyond just its age, is that it is representative of the style of architecture from the turn of the century that once dominated the West Downtown Historic Transportation Corridor historic district. Numerous surrounding buildings in the district have been demolished or lost original street front architectural features. The Seehorn-Lang Building is the only remaining example of a 1920s-era wood-framed storefront with original windows and doors in the citys central business district. It is simultaneously a symbol of the past and an example of the area&#39;s evolution from a warehouse district into a commercial area and ultimately a cultural district known as the Davenport Arts and Entertainment District.</p><br>
<p>The Glover Mansion is a historic Tudor revival home built in 1888 and located in the Cliff/Cannon neighborhood of Spokane, Washington, just uphill from and overlooking the citys downtown. The home was designed by architect Kirtland Cutter for James N. Glover, who founded the city of Spokane in 1873. Over the years the Glover Mansion has served as a residence, housed Spokanes Unitarian Universalist Church, and more recently been used as an event venue.</p><br>
<p>The Glover Mansion was added to the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) in 1973, and to the Spokane Register of Historic Places in 1995. As of 2022, the Glover Mansion&#39;s main use is as an event venue known for hosting weddings and receptions. It should not be confused with the Glover House, another former home of James Glover in Spokane that is also listed on the NRHP.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>James Glover came to Spokane in May 1873 from Salem, Oregon. At the time, there was little more than a rudimentary saw mill in what would become Spokane. Glover was taken with the setting of the Spokane Falls and on his second day, he had purchased the sawmill and the rest of the land surrounding the falls. Over the years that followed, Glover would come to be known as the founding father of the city of Spokane and would serve as its second mayor. Wealthy and powerful, Glover commissioned architect Kirtland Cutter to design his grand mansion on a hillside to the south of the city center. It was Kirtlands first major project, and helped spur a career that would make him one of Spokanes most renowned and prolific architects. Glover and his wife, Susan, moved into the mansion shortly before the August 1889 Great Spokane Fire, which devastated the downtown core. Less than two years later, Glover and his wife separated, and ultimately divorced. Glover&#39;s wife was later committed at Eastern State Hospital, buried in an unmarked grave, and largely erased from history.</p><br>
<p>Glover&#39;s fortunes turned during the Panic of 1893, which drove him nearly into bankruptcy. As a result, he lost possession of the mansion. In 1898, Lawyer Frank H. Graves purchased the mansion, which he owned until 1904. The mansion cost Glover $100,000 to build, but he sold it for just $30,000. From 1904 until 1908 the mansion was owned by mining magnate Charles Sweeney, father of Charles Sweeny, an American soldier of fortune. The mansion passed to Patrick Welch, a contractor, who owned the home from 1908 until 1943. In 1943, the Unitarian Church purchased the property.</p><br>
<p>In 1961, the church constructed a mid-century building in the northern portion of the grounds, along Eighth Ave., which served as the church meeting house. The Unitarian Church owned the mansion and grounds until 1991, when it was sold to Neila Poteshman and Tod Doran. The mansion has had several owners since, and been used as a restaurant, and more recently as an event venue known for hosting weddings.</p><br>
<p>The mansion was added to the Spokane Register of Historic Places in 1995. Mansion ownership signed a management agreement with the city, in which the city recognizes it as a historic landmark and the owner gives the city power to approve or disapprove plans for demolition, relocation, change in use, or alterations to the exterior of the structure.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<h3>Setting</h3><br>
<p>The Glover Mansion is located in the Cliff/Cannon Neighborhood, just uphill from Downtown Spokane. Eighth Avenue to the north, Washington Street/Ben Garnet Way to the west, and Ninth Avenue to the south, form a major transportation corridor leading into and out of the city center. All three streets adjacent to the property are classified as arterials by the city. The property is surrounded by a three-story office building on the east across Washington Street, multi-story office and apartment buildings to the north across Eighth Avenue, including the historic Breslin, and multi-story medical facilities to the south and east, most of which are part of the Sacred Heart Medical Center campus.</p><br>
<p>At the time of its construction and through to the present day, the area surrounding the Glover Mansion has been filled with grand homes for prominent and wealthy Spokanites. The Marycliff-Cliff Park Historic District, listed on the NRHP, is located immediately to the south and west of the Glover Mansion. Though the mansion itself is not part of the district.</p><br>
<h3>Architecture</h3><br>
<p>Architect Kirtland Cutter designed the three-story structure in the Tudor revival style. The lower portions of the exterior are made of granite while the upper sections are half-timbered. There are numerous gables that overhang the home. The front porch contains a double-door main entrance which is located behind a stone semi-circular archway. Immediately to the west of the main entrance is a covered carriageway. Above the archway is a set of bay windows on the second story. A red brick chimney rises above the granite from the second story of the home in the center of the front, north facade. To the east of the chimney are a pair of circular porthole windows on the second floor. The east side of the home features a large ground floor porch with a sleeping balcony on the second story above it.</p><br>
<p>The interior features a large two story hall, with a mezzanine wrapping around on the second story. There is also a wood-carved balcony overlooking the hall from the master suite.</p><br>
<p>West High School is a historic school building, once a high school and later a middle school, located at Auburn in Cayuga County, New York. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2017. It has been renovated and is now an apartment complex known as West Middle School Apartments, with 59 one- and two-bedroom apartment units.</p><br>
<p>It closed as a middle school in 2012.</p><br>
<p>It was one of 22 New York State properties recommended for National Register listing in a batch in 2017. According to a news article, "Built in 1938, Auburn&#39;s West High School differed from more traditional schools by emphasizing training for students planning to enter the industrial workforce, and the school’s design reflected this by including workshop style classrooms for practical, task oriented training."</p><br>
<p>The building is embellished by four low-relief sculptures depicting, perhaps, four categories of study: industrial arts, film, arts, and sciences:</p><br>
<p>The Coliseum Building and Hall is a historic structure in Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States. It is located in the Longfellow community at the intersection of East Lake Street and 27th Avenue South. The building was constructed in 1917 and originally served as a department store and dance hall. In 2020, the building was damaged by arson during riots after the murder of George Floyd.</p><br>
<p>The Coliseum Building and Hall was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2022.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Coliseum Building and Hall is located at 2708 East Lake Street in Minneapolis, and a center of the "downtown" Longfellow community. It was designed by architect L. J. Johnson in the late-19th-and-early-20th-century Classical Revival style. The building is rectangular in shape and features three stories, a brick façade, and a decorative parapet. The first level features store fronts.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<h3>Department store and dance hall</h3><br>
<p>In its early history, the building featured a Freeman&#39;s department store largely serving Scandinavian immigrants in the area. In the 1970s, the department store closed and after being sold it became the Podany Building and featured a dance hall. In the early 2000s, the building went through redevelopment when it reclaimed its original moniker.</p><br>
<h3>George Floyd protests</h3><br>
<p>By the 2020s, the multi-use Coliseum Building featured a health clinic, restaurants, and other businesses. Over several days between May 27 to 29, 2020, the building was vandalized and severely damaged by arson during the George Floyd protests in Minneapolis–Saint Paul, and all of the tenants vacated the structure. The scorched brick façade, however, remained standing.</p><br>
<h3>Redevelopment and preservation</h3><br>
<p>A $26 million redevelopment project was announced in late 2021 for the property, which was purchased by Seward Redesign, a non-profit development firm.</p><br>
<p>The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on March 24, 2022.</p><br>
<p>The North Central Historic District in Alexander City, Alabama, in Tallapoosa County, Alabama, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2005.</p><br>
<p>The district included 349 buildings deemed contributing and one contributing site, as well as 67 non-contributing buildings, in a 850 acre area roughly spanning between Hall and Summer, Warren and Hillabee, Warren and Ridgeway, MLK and Hillabee streets/avenues.</p><br>
<p>The area mainly developed from the 1880s to 1954 (50 years before NRHP nomination), with the City Cemetery (founded 1875) and the Bethel Baptist church cemetery (c.1875) preceding.</p><br>
<p>Architectural styles represented in the district include Queen Anne and Romanesque Revival. The district includes several significant ranch-style houses designed by Auburn University professor E. Walter Burkhardt and local architect Buddy Elliott.</p><br>
<p>The South Central Historic District in Alexander City, Alabama is a historic district that was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2005.</p><br>
<p>It consists of an area of about 200 acre with 137 contributing buildings, just south of Alexander City&#39;s downtown core. The district is roughly bounded by Broad St., Tallpoosa St., Cherokee Rd., Bishop St., Franklin St., and Willow St.</p><br>
<p>Besides the Jackson House on Cherokee Road, which was built in the 1860s, all contributing resources in the district were built during 1890 to 1950, and the Jackson House was itself remodelled extensively around 1910.</p><br>
<p>Architectural styles represented include Queen Anne and Greek Revival. It includes two "well-articulated" Queen Anne houses, and 12 shotgun houses.</p><br>
<p>The Benjamin Russell School, built in 1950 with a 1980 three-story front addition, and 24 other buildings in the district were deemed non-contributing.</p><br>
<p>The Richland Center City Auditorium is a three-story red brick public auditorium in Richland Center, Wisconsin. It was built in 1912 as a combination city hall, theatre, and clubhouse. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980 for its significance in local social and political history. It was also listed as a contributing structure to the Court Street Commercial Historic District in 1989. The auditorium currently houses the Richland County Performing Arts Center.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The building is notable as one of the first in Wisconsin to combine the functions of a city hall with a theater under direct municipal management. Several older combination city hall and opera house buildings exist in the state, such as the Prairie du Chien City Hall and Hazel Green Town Hall, but their opera houses were typically leased and privately operated or used for school and volunteer events. The Richland Center chapter of the General Federation of Womens Clubs, a progressive reform and womens suffrage organization, was instrumental in promoting the concept of a mixed-used facility that would meet their city&#39;s needs for meeting space and sustainable revenue. The club led a campaign to persuade the all-male electorate to vote to borrow funds for the building in a 1911 city referendum. The club and its supporters also successfully lobbied the Wisconsin legislature to change state law in 1913 order to allow the city to operate the auditorium as an income-generating property.</p><br>
<p>When the building opened in 1913, it housed the city council chambers, offices for city officials, and meeting rooms for the local womens club and commercial club. The centerpiece of the building was a 926-seat auditorium with a 30 by 50 foot stage and fourteen dressing rooms. The theatre hosted a wide range of public events that attracted audiences from the surrounding countryside. In addition to entertainment offerings such as plays, concerts, and films, the auditorium also hosted educational lectures, school graduations, and political rallies. Notable political speakers in the buildings first decade included William Jennings Bryan and William Howard Taft. The building received national publicity as a model of small-town civic enterprise and public management.</p><br>
<p>Following the success of the Richland Center City Auditorium, other Wisconsin cities built similar mixed-use facilities. Surviving examples include the 1916 Colfax Municipal Building in Colfax, Wisconsin and the 1923 Lancaster Municipal Building, in Lancaster, Wisconsin.</p><br>
<p>The Richland Center Auditorium continued to house the city government until 1998, when the city moved its offices to a new municipal building. The city subsequently deeded the auditorium to the Richland County Performing Arts Council, a private non-profit organization. The arts council began a restoration of the building in the 2010s and continues to operate the theatre as a performing arts venue.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>Richland Center hired architect Percey Dwight Bentley of La Crosse, Wisconsin to design the building. Bentley was relatively new to architectural practice and had recently left architectural studies at the Armour Institute without completing a degree.</p><br>
<p>The interior of the theater originally included painted mountain scenery and gold leaf ornamentation. A curved balcony provided additional seating. Much of the original interior decoration was lost in later renovations.</p><br>
<p>The Ezra A. Huntington House, at 11 Seminary St. in Auburn, New York, was built in 1861. It served as the house of first president of the Auburn Theological Seminary. It is somewhat Italianate in style.</p><br>
<p>It was home of Ezra Abel Huntington (1813-1901).</p><br>
<p>In January 2020, the City of Auburns Historic Resources Review Boards meeting minutes note that the property had been nominated to the New York State Historic Register and was recommended to be nominated to the USA National Register of Historic Places. In fact it was listed on the National Register on January 31, 2020.</p><br>
<p>In July 2021, Andrew Roblee, who authored its National Register nomination for the house&#39;s owners Strpen and Judy Coleman, penned an Auburn Citizen column about the history of the house and its mist famous occupant.</p><br>
<p>Later in 2021, the Preservation Association of Central New York was to award its Stewardship Award to Dr. Stephen and Judy Coleman for their longterm care of the house.</p><br>
<p>The Stadium Square Historic District is a historic district located in Cleveland Heights, Ohio, in the United States. The district contains properties along the north and south sides of Superior Park Drive between S. Taylor and S. Compton Roads, as well as Taylor Tudor properties on S. Taylor Road at Superior Park Drive. The 6.92 acre site contains residential homes and mixed-use structures, all built beginning in 1926. Cleveland Heights proposed constructing a football stadium on the site in 1927. The stadium was never built, and the historic district takes its name from the original name given the commercial complex. The Stadium Square Historic District is a largely undisturbed example of early 20th century Tudor Revival architecture.</p><br>
<p>The Stadium Square Historic District was added to the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) in April 2020.</p><br>
<h2>Creation of the park</h2><br>
<p>The area that is now the city of Cleveland Heights lies atop the Portage Escarpment, a major landform in North America which marks the boundary between the Till Plains and the Appalachian Plateau. The escarpment is cut by several large and small streams, including Dugway Brook, which have left numerous ravines and gorges. Until the late 1800s, the area remained largely timber and farmland, with a few orchards, quarries, and vineyards. There were no significant residential or retail clusters. About 1890, a town center began forming at what is now the intersection of Mayfield and Superior roads. The population of the area encompassed by Cleveland Heights voted in August 1900 to incorporate under state law as a hamlet. The population of about 1,500 grew quickly, and in 1903 incorporated as a village.</p><br>
<p>The West Branch of Dugway Brook arises near the intersection of Washington Blvd. and Edgerton Road. It largely parallels Washington Blvd. and Superior Road until it leaves Cleveland Heights. Where Cain Park is located in Cleveland Heights, the West Branch had cut a deep ravine. The valley was unsuitable for building purposes, although Euclid bluestone (a bluish-colored local sandstone) was quarried there and the ravine used as a garbage dump.</p><br>
<p>In May 1915, Cleveland Heights mayor Frank Cain won voter approval to issue $100,000 in bonds to purchase 100 acre of undeveloped area along the West Branch of Dugway Brook. This area became Cumberland Park and Cain Park. The West Branch of Dugway Brook that ran through Cumberland Park was culverted, and the ravine filled in. Cain Park&#39;s 22 acre remained wild, however.</p><br>
<p>Some time in 1917 or early 1918, the voters of Cleveland Heights approved a $100,000 bond issue to extend Superior Road alongside the new parkland.Planning for the improved road began in May 1918.</p><br>
<p>Cleveland Heights was booming: By 1924, the population of the city had soared to just over 30,000. By 1927, the area on Taylor Road just north of Cedar Road was one of the fastest-growing in Cleveland Heights.</p><br>
<h2>Stadium proposal and construction of the first homes</h2><br>
<p>In 1925, civic boosters in Cleveland Heights proposed constructing a 14,000-seat football stadium at the west end of the parkland acquired a decade earlier. That same year, local businessman Benjamin A. Roseman purchased a wooded tract of land west of Taylor Road and adjacent to the north side of Dugway Brook. He also purchased most of the block just to the east of this site, on the east side of Taylor Road.</p><br>
<p>Roseman convinced a group of local architects and home builders to form a company to buy the land and build the homes, and about November 10, 1925, the Superior Park Development Company was formed. Its incorporators were local architects Phil R. Brooke and George Howard Burrows, and local developers A.C. Weber, A.G. Weber, and William Wilkens.</p><br>
<p>The Superior Park Development Co. purchased Roseman&#39;s 32 home sites on Superior Park Drive in March 1926. The company cut a dirt road, Superior Park Drive, through the center of the tract (connecting Taylor Road and Compton Road) in the winter of 1925-1926, and constructed electricity, fresh water, natural gas, and sewer lines to the subdivision at his own expense.</p><br>
<p>Covenants were attached to all the lots, placing restrictions on architectural style, building and material standards, and siting. All architects&#39; plans had to be submitted to the development company for approval. These were restrictions similar to those implemented in Shaker Heights.</p><br>
<p>The company intended to build homes only on the north side of the street. Each home was to have seven or eight rooms, steam heat, tiled bathrooms, a home incinerator, and a two-car garage. Brooke and Burrows proposed that homes be of different construction type – some stucco, some Tudor Revival, some brick Colonial, some with shingle siding – but all the homes would fit into a general stylistic theme, and the price would be a moderate $20,000.</p><br>
<h3>First failure of the stadium bond issue</h3><br>
<p>The Cleveland Heights city council approved a bond issue to pay for the stadium, but felt that the public should have a say in the issuance of such a large debt. Although a majority of voters approved of the bond issue in a 1926 election, the issue felt 67 votes short of the 55 percent necessary for passage.</p><br>
<p>The local architectural firm of Brooke & Burrows The 10 initial homes neared completion in August 1926, and all were moderately priced at $18,000 to $25,000.</p><br>
<p>Paving of Superior Park Drive started in September 1926 and was finished the following May.</p><br>
<p>By the first week of September 1927, eight of the ten homes had been completed.</p><br>
<h3>Final failure of the stadium bond issue</h3><br>
<p>A $125,000 stadium bond issue went before the public again in November 1927, but this time failed to secure a majority.</p><br>
<p>All but two of the 10 homes initially built by Superior Park Development had been sold or leased by January 1928, despite a five-year recession in home-buying. Superior Park Development began construction on additional homes in the development in the spring of 1928.</p><br>
<h2>Building the business district</h2><br>
<p>In November 1926, the establishment of a new business district on Taylor Road was announced. A syndicate led by E.I. Wolf & Son of Cleveland purchased the lot on the northwest corner of Taylor Rd. and DeSota Avenue, and announced the construction of a $70,000 stone building with six retail units.</p><br>
<h3>First block</h3><br>
<p>Benjamin Roseman was also head of Mera Realty Co., a real estate development firm founded in November 1924 by B.A. Feldman and Anna Miller.</p><br>
<p>In 1927, Roseman began construction on a three-story commercial structure on the northwest corner where Superior Park Drive met Taylor Road (now 1912-1926 S. Taylor Road). Local architect Maxwell H. Weis designed the $175,000 building, which had eight retail units on the first floor and 16 apartment units on the second and third floors. In securing the permits to erect the building, Roseman promised the city of Cleveland Heights that he would avoid a plain building. He met this promise by having Weis design his project in the Tudor Revival style. The structure was completed in February 1928.</p><br>
<h3>Second block</h3><br>
<p>As soon as the first commercial block was finished, Roseman announced construction of a similar structure on the southwest corner of Superior Park Drive and Taylor Road (now 1932-1946 S. Taylor Road). The $175,000 Tudor Revival building was almost identical to its northern neighbor, with eight retail spaces on the first floor and 16 apartments on the upper floors.</p><br>
<p>This second commercial "block" opened the first week of April 1928. All the retail units and nearly all the apartments were leased when it did.</p><br>
<p>Roseman announced plans to erect two more commercial "blocks" on the west side of Taylor Road in October 1928. He also said he was planning some commercial structures on the east side of the street as well.</p><br>
<p>The term "Stadium Square" was first used by the local news media to refer to this new business district on January 5, 1929. The Plain Dealer newspaper called it the "most complete and largest" commercial development in Cleveland Heights history.</p><br>
<h3>Third block</h3><br>
<p>Roseman began work on a third business building at 1908 Taylor Road, adjacent to his to the north side of his first commercial block. Construction began on January 3, 1929. This three-story structure had six retail units on the first floor and 12 apartment units on the two upper floors. It cost $150,000.</p><br>
<p>This final commercial block was completed about June 1, 1929.</p><br>
<h2>Apartment buildings</h2><br>
<p>On April 1, 1928, Roseman began construction on apartment buildings just to the west of his two commercial blocks. Each building was a three-story, Tudor Revival structure with 40 units. The total cost of construction was estimated at $450,000. Because the building sites were medium-sized, Roseman built a $35,000, 50-car private garage on the east side of Taylor Road for use by those who rented apartments in his buildings.</p><br>
<p>Construction of the apartment building on the south side of Superior Park Drive was delayed, and began in the summer of 1928. By then, the number of units had increased to 42, and the cost of this building rose to $200,000. The building architect was Maxwell Norcross. By June, the cost of the building had risen to $300,000. The apartment house was almost complete by the first week of October 1928.</p><br>
<p>Roseman planned for a $400,000, 84-unit apartment building to go up on the north side of Superior Drive soon after construction started on the south side building. By June 1928, the cost had risen to $450,000, As the building neared completion, the number of units was cut again to 54, bringing the cost down to $350,000. Weis also added garage space for 16 automobiles at the rear of the structure.</p><br>
<p>This north-side apartment building neared completion on May 1, 1929.</p><br>
<h2>Planned additions to the business district</h2><br>
<p>January 1929 saw Roseman announce the construction of a commercial block and apartment building on Blanche Road (the street just north of Superior Park Drive). On the corner was his fourth three-story commercial building, intended to have eight storefronts and 16 apartment units. Just to the west of the corner commercial block, Roseman planned a three-story, 22 unit apartment building which cost $300,000. Also designed by Maxwell Weis, the apartment units were three, four, or five rooms each.</p><br>
<p>Roseman also planned to expand his business district to the east side of Taylor Road by erecting a half-block long, three-story structure at a cost of $500,000. It would have space for 15 stores, 45 to 50 apartments, a 1,500-seat movie theater, an automobile dealership, and a filling station. Behind the building, fronting Powell Avenue, would be a public three-story parking garage and a private three-story parking garage.</p><br>
<p>With the onset of the Great Depression in the United States in October 1929, Roseman never began construction on any of these planned projects. In late 1931, Roseman was forced to turn over his apartment buildings to his creditors. He turned over all his mixed-use business blocks in early 1932. Roseman&#39;s business fortunes turned around in late 1932, and his new Stadium Square Co. was able to buy back all of these properties.</p><br>
<p>Benjamin Roseman intended to build 22 storefronts on the corner of Blanche Avenue and Taylor Road in 1932, and on the east side of Taylor Road. The continuing economic crisis scuttled these plans. He scaled them back to just eight storefronts on the corner in June 1934, This was not built, either.</p><br>
<p>With his son, Ernest H. Roseman, Benjamin Roseman opened an appliance store at 1901 S. Taylor Road. Ernest built a brick, single-story commercial building with three storefronts at 1892-1896 S. Taylor Road.</p><br>
<h2>About the historic district</h2><br>
<p>Each home in the historic district was constructed of brick, stucco, stone, and timber, and featured stone copings and quoins. The doors were thick planks bound together with iron bands and hung with wrought iron hinges. All homes had exterior finishings like grills and lanterns made of wrought iron. The roofing consisted of red cedar shingles stained with dye from Cabot Inc. of Chelsea, Massachusetts.</p><br>
<p>The apartment building on the north side of Superior Park Drive was divided in two. The eastern half at 3449 Superior Park Dr. was named Essex Hall. The western half at 3445 Superior Park Dr. was named Morely Hall. The apartment building in the south side of the street at 3436-3440 Superior Park Dr. was named Barclay Court.</p><br>
<h2>Other improvements</h2><br>
<p>The success of Roseman&#39;s apartments and new business district led the Cleveland Railway streetcar company to extend its Cedar Road line from Lee Road to Taylor Road. This made Stadium Square directly accessible to downtown Cleveland. The company also extended its Mayfield Road line from Lee Road to Warrensville Center Road. The extensions of these two lines significantly boosted demand for housing in Stadium Square and other areas of Cleveland Heights.</p><br>
<p>After the construction of Roseman&#39;s business district, the portion of the city park east of Lee Road was informally known as "Stadium Park". The park was formally named Cain Park in May 1934, to honor long-time Cleveland Heights mayor Frank Cain.</p><br>
<h2>Renovations</h2><br>
<p>The city won a $12,000 grant from the Ohio Historic Preservation Pipeline Initiative Grant from the state Development Services Agency (the state&#39;s economic development department) to assist it in filing for NRHP status.</p><br>
<p>The Taylor Tudor mixed-used structures consist of two buildings, one north and one south of Superior Park Road. Cuyahoga County foreclosed on the two properties due to unpaid property taxes in January 2018. The county then turned the properties over to the Cuyahoga County Land Bank. The Land Bank subsequently turned the south structure over to the city of Cleveland Heights.</p><br>
<p>The Joseph Warren Yost House is a historic house in Columbus, Ohio. It was added to the Columbus Near East Side District  in 1978, and the Bryden Road District  in 1990.</p><br>
<p>The house was built c. 1895 for Joseph Warren Yost, a prominent Columbus architect, who also designed the house. The building has rich decorations and detail, including a combination of stone, brick, and terracotta, as well as French-inspired bellcast roofs.</p><br>
<p>The home&#39;s design has numerous similarities to the Charles Frederick Myers house, situated on Bryden a few blocks to the east, and presumably also designed by Yost.</p><br>
<p>The Atmore Historic Commercial District is a 13 acre historic district in Atmore, Escambia County, Alabama. It includes parts or all of Carney, Main, Trammell, Roberts, Presley, E. Church & Ridgeley Sts., Pensacola, Nashville & Louisville Aves.</p><br>
<p>In 2019 the state of Alabama recognized an Ardmore Commercial Historic District, and the district was nominated to the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>The district then included 72 contributing buildings and 25 non-contributing ones. "According to the city’s application written by McNair Historic Preservation Inc., the city, divided by an active east to west railroad track, holds many historic buildings of the 20th century, and many are still being used today for commercial purposes. According to the latest survey in 2002, the whole city can boast approximately 580 structures that are 50 years old or more."</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2021.</p><br>
<p>The Jacob Hiestand House, in Taylor County, Kentucky west of Campbellsville, Kentucky, was built from 1823 to 1825. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.</p><br>
<p>The house is a one-story, three-bay central hall plan house built of coursed limestone. Construction was by "the dry construction method of clay sealed with lime mortar." It is about 24x52 ft in plan, with a cellar; each of its two rooms, on either side of its hall, has an arched stone fireplace.</p><br>
<p>It was home of Jacob Hiestand, who was born in York County, Pennsylvania, who moved to Kentucky around 1816 and built this house in 1823. A daughter, Araminta, and her husband Joseph H. Chandler, an attorney and state senator, were living in the house when it was hit by Morgan&#39;s Raid, the rambling 1000-mile long 1863 Civil War raid of Confederate General John Hunt Morgan into Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio and West Virginia.</p><br>
<p>The property included a separated 12x14 ft stone kitchen, a stone springhouse, a dug well, and a.25 acre cemetery.</p><br>
<p>Development of a shopping plaza in the area in 1988, threatened the house; the house and its cemetery were both moved about.5 mi to their present locations. The house is now a museum, the Hiestand House-Taylor County Museum.</p><br>
<p>The Downtown Morehead Historic District, in Morehead in Rowan County, Kentucky, is a 30.37 acre historic district which was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2022.</p><br>
<p>Its area is the original downtown business district area, as of 1881. It is roughly bounded by South Hargis Ave., West 1st, East 1st, Bridge, East Main, and East 2nd Sts., North Wilson Ave., and West Main St. and includes 55 contributing buildings, 17 non-contributing buildings and 23 non-contributing sites.</p><br>
<p>The District includes:</p><br>
<p>Morehead Police Department (1938), 105 E. Main St., in Works Progress Administration-era building which was USA Post Office until 1987, and later was City Hall</p><br>
<p>Morehead Chesapeake & Ohio Railway Freight Depot (1904), already separately NRHP-listed in 2016</p><br>
<p>Rowan County Courthouse (1899), already separately NRHP-listed</p><br>
<p>Moonlight School, 182 East 1st St., a one room schoolhouse building now on the campus of Morehead State, representing how in 1911 educator Cora Wilson Stewart, superindentend of Rowan County schools, began the Midnight Schools, the "forerunner of adult education in the United States and the world." The structure, one site in the program, was moved to this location in 1972 from Big Brushy (a locality about eight miles north).</p><br>
<p>- First Christian Church (1925), 227 E. Main St., church which replaced the Union Church that had been built by Col. John Hargis, founder of Morehead. Col. Hargis&#39;s funeral was the first in the new building.</p><br>
<p>The historic Joseph Ijams House is located in the village of West Rushville Richland Township, Fairfield County Ohio at the intersection of Main and Broad streets. Built circa 1810, the house stands along the original Zane&#39;s Trace road constructed by Colonel Ebenezer Zane in 1797. It is constructed of brick on a raised sandstone foundation and sits prominently at the crossroads at the center of the village and is considered a fine example of early 19th century Federal style architecture. Long known locally as "The Old Tavern", the Ijams House served as an inn and waystation on the road from Zanesville to Lancaster. It is believed to be one of the last remaining examples in Fairfield County of the many taverns that once stood along this heavily travelled route. In the mid-19th century it was owned by Judge William McClung, a prominent Fairfield County jurist. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.</p><br>
<p>The J.R. Brandrup House is a historic house in Mankato, Minnesota, United States. It was built in 1904 in Neoclassical style. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980 for its local significance in the themes of architecture and education. It was nominated for its association with J.R. Brandrup , a founder of a private vocational school that became one of Mankatos most important educational institutions. The house was also nominated for its prominence and elaborate ornamentation within Mankatos Lincoln Park neighborhood. In 1995 it was listed as a contributing property to the Lincoln Park Residential Historic District.</p><br>
<p>The Adolph O. Eberhart House is a historic house in Mankato, Minnesota, United States. It was built around 1903 for politician Adolph Olson Eberhart , who served as a state senator, lieutenant governor, and governor of Minnesota. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980 for its local significance in the theme of politics/government. It was nominated for its association with Eberhart. In 1995 it was listed as a contributing property to the Lincoln Park Residential Historic District.</p><br>
<p>The Lucas Troendle House is a historic house in Mapleton, Minnesota, United States. The house, also known as Solie&#39;s Castle, was built in 1896 in Queen Anne style. Lucas Troendle  was an early merchant and landowner in Mapleton who became a leading figure in the community. It became the Holt Hotel after Troendle died in 1917.</p><br>
<p>The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980 for its local significance in the themes of architecture and commerce. It was nominated for exemplifying the prosperity attained by many who invested in land and commercial enterprises in the region&#39;s rail towns of the late 19th century.</p><br>
<p>The three-story brick home, with eight bedrooms and more than 5,000 square feet of living space, was sold at auction in August 2022.</p><br>
<p>The Mankato Public Library and Reading Room is a former library building in Mankato, Minnesota, United States. It was built as a Carnegie library from 1902 to 1903 and housed Mankato&#39;s public library until 1977. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980 for its local significance in the themes of architecture and education. It was nominated for its association with the Carnegie library phenomenon and for its Renaissance Revival architecture using local materials.</p><br>
<p>The city of Mankato sold the building to the Mankato Area Arts Council in 1979. It housed a music education program and provided office space to various non-profit arts organizations. As of 2022, it operates as the Carnegie Art Center, with two art galleries, a gift shop of work by regional artists, and rental studio space.</p><br>
<p>The Mapleton Public Library is the public library serving Mapleton, Minnesota, United States. It was built as a Carnegie library in 1910. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2009 for its local significance in the theme of social history. It was nominated for representating the civic push for public libraries in Minnesota, abetted by philanthropic grants from steel magnate Andrew Carnegie.</p><br>
<p>The Holmes–Tallman House is a large farmhouse with Carpenters Italianate style located northwest of Jamesburg, at the corner of County Route 535  and County Route 522 , in Monroe Township, Middlesex County, New Jersey. Also known as Brown&#39;s Corner House, it was added to the National Register of Historic Places on September 12, 1979, for its significance in architecture.</p><br>
<h2>History and description</h2><br>
<p>The house was built by Francis Holmes. It was then purchased by Jacob B. Tallman in 1870. Built of wood, it features a three-story cubical main section with a two-story wing in the back. A one-story porch with eyelet jigsaw work spans the front and sides. The hip roof has a square cupola.</p><br>
<p>The Glenwood Cemetery in the village of Homer, New York is a historic rural cemetery which was established in 1867. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2019.</p><br>
<p>The village of Homer is within the town of Homer in Cortland County, New York. Some previous burials from another location were relocated to the cemetery after it was formally established.</p><br>
<p>A first cemetery association in Homer was established in 1847; many of its early burials were later removed to the Glenwood Cemetery, whose association was incorporated in 1862. A plaque near the entrance to the cemetery states that "Glenwood was opened and named in the year of 1867 by Paris Barber 1814–1876, a public spirited citizen of Homer New York." The Village of Homer took over management of the cemetery in 1946, upon request from the association.</p><br>
<p>Eventually a Village Cemetery Commission, part of the Village of Homer, took over responsibility to oversee the cemetery.</p><br>
<p>It was deemed significant for NRHP listing for reasons including that its landscape design was deemed "a representative intact example of a mid-nineteenth century Rural Cemetery with portions at extreme east and west ends reflecting twentieth century design trends in cemetery management." Another reason was its architecture, specifically it having three significant buildings, one being the combination of the Earle Abbey Mausoleum (1923) and its receiving vault (1906).</p><br>
<p>The Frederick William Cooke Residence was a historic building built 1883–1886 and located at 384 Broadway in the city of Paterson in Passaic County, New Jersey. Also known as the Cooke Mansion, it was added to the National Register of Historic Places on July 8, 1982, for its significance in architecture, industry, and transportation. It was destroyed by fire in 1991.</p><br>
<h2>History and description</h2><br>
<p>Frederick William Cooke started construction of the house, when he became an executive at Cooke Locomotive and Machine Works in Paterson. The brownstone house featured Queen Anne and Richardsonian Romanesque styles.</p><br>
<p>The People&#39;s Bank and Trust Company Building is an Art Deco skyscraper built in 1931 and located at 663 Main Avenue in the city of Passaic in Passaic County, New Jersey. The 154 feet tall building is the highest in the city. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on November 19, 2018, for its significance in architecture. Vacant since 1994, it is now owned by the Passaic Urban Enterprise Zone.</p><br>
<h2>History and description</h2><br>
<p>In 1930, People&#39;s Bank and Trust Company acquired three other banking institutions, the Hobart Trust Company, the City</p><br>
<p>Trust Company and the Merchants Bank of Passaic, and needed a new, larger building. The building was designed with Art Deco style by the architectural firm of Halsey, McCormack and Helmer based in New York City. They had previously designed the Williamsburgh Savings Bank Tower. The building was constructed by John W. Ferguson Company of Paterson. The first floor features storefronts, followed by an ashlar limestone section with large windows, and finally a yellow buff brick office tower. Originally 11-stories, a third floor mezzanine was added in 2016.</p><br>
<p>The Ernest J. and Edna Humphrey Farm is a farmstead located at 878 South Cedar Street in Ewen, Michigan. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2022.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Ernest J. Humphrey was born in 1868 in Big Rapids, Michigan. In 1886 he moved to Ontonagon County to work in the lumber industry. He eventually settled in Ewen, and in 1900 married Edna Butts. The couple purchased 160 acres at this location in 1906. At first, they rented a nearby house as the farm was started. In 1912 they constructed a large barn, primarily to house horses used in Ernest&#39;s logging business. In 1917, they constructed and moved into the house on the property. Ernest continued to log and work the farm until his death in 1946.</p><br>
<p>After Ernest Humphrey died, his sons continued his logging business, with son John also managing the farm. Edna Humphrey lived in the house until her death in 1970, and for the next few years John Humphrey’s son, Jim, lived in the house. In 1974, Ernest and Edna Humphrey&#39;s estate was settled, and their daughter, Ruth Humphrey Dolphin, took possession of the house and some surrounding acreage for use as a vacation home. In 1999, the property passed from Ruth Dolphin to her children, James Dolphin and Charlotte Risto. In 2012 Charlotte purchased the entire property, and in 2013 she</p><br>
<p>gave the property to her daughter, Gail Peteler.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Ernest J. and Edna Humphrey Farm consists of a forty-acre parcel containing four buildings dating from early in the 20th century. The house, built in 1917, is a -story, side-gabled Craftsman bungalow with a brick basement and stucco exterior above. The front is three bays wide; in the center bay, concrete steps lead to the front door, which is flanked by a pair of three-over-one windows. Above, a clapboard-clad gable-roofed dormer protrudes from the roof, containing triple three-over-one windows. The side bays contain triple three-over-one windows on the first floor.</p><br>
<p>The barn, built in 1912, is a gambrel roof structure with a small gambrel roof cupola in the center of the roof. It is clad in novelty siding with an asphalt shingle roof. Also on the property are a 1921 garage, which is a one-story, frame building with a clipped gable roof, and an undated, single story log building used for storage.</p><br>
<p>The East Ludington Avenue Historic District is a residential historic district located in the 400-800 blocks of East Ludington Avenue in Ludington, Michigan. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2022.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Ludington began as a lumber mill town, with the first plat recorded in 1867. Plats were extended down what is now East Ludington Avenue, and what is now the East Ludington Avenue Historic District was fully platted out by 1871. Ludington itself grew rapidly, and soon had a number of wealthy residents connected to the lumber trade. Many of these chose East Ludington Avenue to build their fashionable homes, including Michael J. Danaher (403 East Ludington), Antoine E. Cartier (501 East Ludington), Nellie and H.B. Smith (710 East Ludington), Daniel W. Goodenough (706 East Ludington), Emery D. Weimer (510 East Ludington) and James Foley (702 East Ludington).</p><br>
<p>As the 20th century approached, timber resources dwindled, and Ludingtons economy diversified, first with the addition of salt manufacturing, then, later in the 1910s and 20s, as a railroad hub and manufacturing center. This diversification brought new people to the area, with Ludingtons population doubling from 4,190 people in 1880 to 8,898 people by 1930. The new boom brought more wealthy residents to East Ludington Avenue, including Wilmer T. Culver (701 East Ludington), Joseph F. Shalmark and his wife, Esther, (707 East Ludington), August H. Lidberg and his wife, Alma (709 East Ludington), Clay F. Olmsted and his wife Ada Mae (504 East Ludington) and Edward Rohrmoser (806 East Ludington). Into and after the Great Depression, these industries also began to decline. However, after World War II, more local tourism came to Ludington, helped in part by the rise of the personal automobile. To serve these tourists, more motels were constructed in the area, including two in the district: the Dancz Motel (414 East Ludington) and the Four Seasons Motel (717 East Ludington). Tourism increased in the 20th century, and as it drew to a close, a number of the homes in the district were converted to bed and breakfasts.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The East Ludington Avenue Historic District stretches along five blocks of East Ludington Avenue, and contains 89 buildings, 64 of which contribute to the historic character of the district. These include the separately NRHP-listed Warren A. and Catherine Cartier House, as well as the Michigan historic sites Daniel W. Goodenough House and Frank N. and Fannie Allen Latimer House. The district is primarily residential, although it includes a small number of professional buildings. The contributing buildings were constructed between 1872 and 1959. The houses vary in size and architectural style, and include large ornate Queen Anne, Neoclassical, and Colonial Revival houses as well as more modest Craftsman, Contemporary, and Ranch houses. Several the larger houses have been converted into bed and breakfasts or professional offices, and two motels are also contained within the district.</p><br>
<p>The Edward S. Kearney House is a historic house located at 9 New Jersey Route 18 in the Westons Mills section of East Brunswick in Middlesex County, New Jersey. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on April 6, 1979, for its significance in architecture and commerce, one of only two historic taverns in the township.</p><br>
<h2>History and description</h2><br>
<p>Edward S. Kearney immigrated from Ireland in the 1840s and bought property at Westons Mills in the early 1850s. He soon built this two and one-half story frame house. In 1886, he sold it to Barthy McGough, who converted it into a hotel and inn, first known as McGough&#39;s Tavern, and then the Cosmopolitan Hotel. The business operated nearly fifty years. McGough, from New York City, also owned a bar and restaurant in New Brunswick near the train station.</p><br>
<p>The John Van Buren Wicoff House is a historic building located at 641 Plainsboro Road in the township of Plainsboro in Middlesex County, New Jersey. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on September 12, 1979, for its significance in politics/government from 1907 to 1947. It is currently a historic house museum, known as the Historic Wicoff House Museum.</p><br>
<h2>History and description</h2><br>
<p>In 1872, Catharine Lucretia Britton acquired 104 acres here following her father&#39;s death. On February 3, 1875, she married John Wicoff and moved here. The house likely dates to this time. On June 8, 1878, their only child, John Van Buren (J.V.B.) Wicoff was born. He graduated from Princeton University in 1900 and became a locally prominent attorney, politician, banker, and farmer. He lived in the house until his death in 1952. It was purchased by Township of Plainsboro in 1977 for use as a municipal center. Starting in 1995, the Plainsboro Historical Society operated a museum in the house.</p><br>
<p>The house is a two story frame building featuring Italianate style. Elements of Classical Revival style were added in 1929 when the house was expanded and altered.</p><br>
<p>The Stephen Frazee House is a historic house at 7733 Canal Road in Cuyahoga Valley National Park in the USA state of Ohio. The house was built in 1826 for Stephen and Mehitable Frazee, who had settled in the Cuyahoga Valley a decade earlier. The family had relocated from Poland, Ohio and were among the valleys first settlers; they lived in a log cabin until building the 1826 house. The construction of the Ohio and Erie Canal in the 1820s split Frazees land in half, and he won $130 from the state in compensation that he may have put toward the house. The house is a Federal style vernacular building; while the style was common in the northeastern USA, where it was often implemented by professional architects, it was rare in Ohio. The house&#39;s bricks were made of clay from the property itself, and the crude bricks and less experienced builders resulted in the house settling during its construction, giving it a permanent warped appearance. The Frazee family lived in the house until 1861, when it was purchased by John Hynton.</p><br>
<p>The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on May 4, 1976.</p><br>
<p>The Metuchen Post Office is a historic United States Post Office located at 360 Main Street in the Borough of Metuchen in Middlesex County, New Jersey. Listed as United States Post Office, it was added to the National Register of Historic Places on April 2, 2008, for its significance in architecture, art, communications, and politics/government.</p><br>
<h2>History and description</h2><br>
<p>Louis A. Simon, the Supervising Architect in the Office of the Supervising Architect for the USA Treasury, designed the building using Colonial Revival style. Construction began in 1939, with Neal A. Melick as Supervising Engineer. The one-story brick building was dedicated on February 10, 1940. The roof has a square cupola with a weathervane. The presence of a cupola helped indicate that this was a public building. The building remains essentially unchanged since it was built.</p><br>
<p>The Desmet Avenue Warehouse Historic District is a 2 acre historic district in the Logan neighborhood just outside the city center of Spokane, Washington which was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1997. The listing includes six contributing properties, two of which have subsequently been demolished. The district was notable for its tight collection of early-20th century structures over just two city blocks that all served like purposes. Of the four remaining structures, only one is still used for a purpose similar to what it was built to serve. The two easternmost structures are now part of the Gonzaga University campus, which surrounds the eastern half of the district to the north, east and south.</p><br>
<h2>Setting</h2><br>
<p>The Desmet Avenue Warehouse Historic District is located approximately three blocks north of the Spokane River, which separates it from the city&#39;s downtown core. Gonzaga University is located immediately east of the district, and has expanded into the two easternmost properties of the district. Division St. marks the western boundary of the district, and Ruby St. runs parallel one block to the east. Division and Ruby form a couplet in this area, carrying USA Route 2 and USA Route 395. The two form the main north–south thoroughfare on the north side of Spokane and are classified as a principal arterial by the city.</p><br>
<p>At the time of development, the Desmet Avenue Warehouses were part of the broader Sinto Warehouse District. Prior to development, the city&#39;s warehouses were concentrated south of the river along the main railroad tracks. Railroad spurs were extended into the area after the Great Spokane Fire of 1889, at which point little development existed north of the Division Street Bridge. Depots for the Spokane and International, the Oregon</p><br>
<p>Railway and Navigation, and the Spokane Falls and Northern railways were built in what would become the Sinto Warehouse District. Developer Walter L. Bean spearheaded construction in the district, with The Spokesman-Review newspaper saying in a 1914 article, "Mr. Bean is the pioneer in the North Side warehouse section. He put in the switch and has sold all the sites of the present warehouses." The broader district went into a decline in the 1960s when the rail lines and spurs were torn out north of the river. Commercial development pushed north into the Sinto Warehouse District in the decades that followed, resulting in the demolition of many former warehouses. When the Desmet Avenue Warehouse Historic District was listed on the NRHP in 1998, it was the most intact remaining section of the broader warehouse district. The threat to the area from commercial encroachment was even mentioned in its registration form. That threat was realized in 2008 when two of the district&#39;s six contributing properties were demolished to make way for new development.</p><br>
<h2>Existing contributing properties</h2><br>
<h3>Burgan&#39;s Furniture Warehouse No. 1</h3><br>
<p>Located at 1 East Desmet Ave., at the intersection with Division St., was constructed in late 1905 in the Commercial style, designed by Spokane architect Robert L. Hals. It was built for Anton E. Bergum, manager of the Spokane Wood & Coal Company, at a cost of $16,000. Before construction was completed, the building was leased to the Parlin & Orendorff Company of Canton, Illinois, which manufactured farm equipment and wagons. The building was used as one of their many warehouses along rail lines stretching west of the Mississippi River. A year after it was built, a fire sparked across Division at the Lamb Lumber Company caused damage to the western side of the building. Awnings were burned and windows were shattered on the exterior and paint on wagons near the west side of the building blistered. Parlin & Orendorff moved out of the building until 1910, and in 1911 it was sold to the Northwestern General Trading Partners. In a promotional release about the property, Northwestern General Trading Partners mentioned the buildings accessibility along multiple streetcar lines, a railroad spur, and location in the heart of the citys wholesale district.</p><br>
<p>The "Burgan&#39;s" moniker began to apply to the building by 1921, when ES Burgan and Son Inc. began operating their department story in a multi-story building immediately to the north. Edwin Burgan would eventually purchase the warehouse and use it for freight storage.</p><br>
<p>In 2015, both the warehouse building and the former department store directly to the north were converted into Ruby Suites, an extended-stay hotel catering to corporate clients. The upper floors of the warehouse were converted into rooms for the hotel and the ground floor was converted into a pair of restaurants.</p><br>
<p>It is a three-story, rectangular brick building built in the Commercial style with influences from late-19th century industrial structures. The building is built on a basalt foundation with a daylight basement. Initially, the long façade along Division St. and the shorter façade facing Desmet Ave. were the two public-facing sides while the north face fronted an alley and the east face was against another warehouse. Since the renovation in 2015, however, the east facade has been significantly changed from its original plain appearance. It is now covered in 16 identical windows across the top two floors, and the main entrance to the restaurants on the ground level is located on the east face. The original main public-facing side of the building ran along Division St. The ground floor has seven arched windows running along the sidewalk, with an entryway in the portal where the fifth window from the north would be located. The entryways double doors are capped with transoms and features a classically-inspired pediment made of zinc. The second-storys windows are smaller and rectangular, located centrally above the arches of the windows below. The third floor features eight broad but short, relative to the first-story windows, arched windows. Plain brick piers separate each of the windows on all floors. This pattern is replicated on the second and third stories of the south elevation along Desmet.</p><br>
<h3>Market Equipment Company Office and Warehouse</h3><br>
<p>Located at 105 E. Desmet, at the intersection of Desmet Ave. and Ruby St., the Market Equipment Company was constructed in 1946, making it the youngest of the structures in the historic district. It was designed by local architectural firm Whitehouse & Price and built by contractor W.G. Meyers. It was built for the W.P. Fuller and Company and was intended to serve as a paint, glass and door warehouse, as well as a manufacturing center on the main floor. The building was to act as an expansion of W.P. Fuller and Company&#39;s existing property, immediately to the east. It was constructed atop the foundation of the previous structure at the site, an agricultural tool dealership built in 1904 by the Shaw-Wells Company. As of 2022, the building is owned by Market Equipment Company, which use it as an office, warehouse and repair shop.</p><br>
<p>Rectangular in shape, it is a red brick building built upon a basalt foundation with two above-ground stories and a full basement. The façades along Desmet Ave. and Ruby St. feature industrial-style rectangular wood sash windows with fixed glass panes. The windows along the first floor are considerably larger than those above, and take up most of the wall space. The west façade along Ruby is similar, though there are five doors along the ground floor, three of which are oversized, and a large overhanging metal awning which stretches along the entire western side. Both the west and south sides feature loading docks. The south face features six rectangular windows on each floor, matching the second story windows from the western and southern sides. Along this façade, the first-story bricks are darker red while the second-story bricks are more of a reddish brown. There is no wall along the east side of the building, as it was built to be an extension of the existing warehouse immediately to the east. That warehouse&#39;s exterior western wall is visible as the eastern interior wall of the Market Equipment Company.</p><br>
<h3>W.P. Fuller and Company Paint Warehouse</h3><br>
<p>Located at 111 E. Desmet Ave., built in two phases. The four-story structure was completed in 1905, with a one-story addition to the east constructed in 1939. The original concrete building was designed by architect S. H. Knight. for W.P. Fuller and Company, a paint, varnish and painting supplies retailer. The company also sold windows, doors, art glass and other products for work on building exteriors. They operated at the location into the 1960s, when the company merged with the O&#39;Brien Company and the building was sold. The building retained its use as a warehouse for tenants like the Cascade Seed Company. Though, by the 1990s the building sat vacant.</p><br>
<p>In 1995 the building was listed on the NRHP on its own merit, prior to the listing of the Desmet Avenue Warehouse Historic District. At the time, an adaptive reuse project was planned for the structure. It houses a cafe, faculty offices, classrooms and both undergraduate and postgraduate programs for The School of Professional Studies, including Nursing, the Comprehensive Leadership Program, Masters in Organizational Leadership, Masters in Communication & Leadership, and the Ph. D. in Leadership Studies.</p><br>
<p>The original part of the building is a reinforced concrete structure on a rectangular base, measuring 50 feet along Desmet and 142 feet deep into the block, that rises four stories above a full basement. Interior structures such as columns, floors and stairways were made of reinforced concrete, as was the exterior. At the time, the new technology behind reinforced concrete was something to celebrate, so the exterior was not covered with a façade and the concrete was left exposed. An article published during the buildings construction in The Spokesman-Review, Spokanes daily newspaper, echoed that sentiment, stating, "The concrete piers, the main structural members of the facade, will be rubbed smooth, but will be left in the natural concrete color and indicate frankly the strength and durability of the construction within." The building&#39;s main entrance faced Desmet Ave. on the south face of the building, with a centrally located pair of wooden doors that have subsequently been replaced. On either side of the entryway are a pair of matching, large, rectangular metal sash windows. The three stories above feature matching windows, three per floor, separated by concrete piers. Between the first and second story is a simple concrete cornice. A concrete parapet runs along the roofline on the southern face. The east and west faces were initially plain and windowless, but the east face had windows matching those on the front and back sides of the building added during the adaptive reuse redevelopment.</p><br>
<p>The 1939 addition stretched east from the original building and rose to just one story in elevation. From the outside the two structures are visually similar and appear to constitute a single building. The interior, however, was not built to be fireproof like the original structure was, as it has wood floors, support beams and a roof.</p><br>
<h3>Peerless-Sunpuft Inc. Office and Warehouse</h3><br>
<p>Located at 1107 N. Pearl, at the intersection of Pearl St. and Desmet Ave. on the far eastern end of the historic district, the Peerless-Sunpuft Inc. Office and Warehouse was constructed in 1925. It is a one-story brick building with a full basement. The building is rectangular in shape but asymmetrical in design with varying elevations around the structure. Contractor J.J. Cox built the structure for the Pioneer Warehouse Company. It was used by the Imperial Beverage Company, which moved in in 1926 and used the facility to bottle various beverages including ginger ale, fruit juice and mineral water, as well as syrups. Imperial Beverage Company manufactured hard beverages at larger facilities prior to prohibition, and once prohibition was repealed in 1933 the company moved out of its location in the historic district. Goetz Breweries moved in after Imperial Beverage left, and remodeled the interior to be more suitable for brewing operations. The remodel was estimated to cost $10,000. Goetz was only at the site for just two years before also moving to a larger facility. There are no records on the property from 1938 through 1947. In 1948, it was purchased by Gustav P. Harris, though the sale stipulated that for a period of 30 years the property could not be used for any aspect of the manufacture of beer or malt beverages. Since the 1948 sale, the building was occupied by various snack food wholesalers. In 2014, the building was purchased by Gonzaga University for $1 million, with an assessed value at the time of sale of $591,000. As of 2022, it is known as the Peerless Building and serves as an annex for Gonzaga&#39;s human physiology and theater programs.</p><br>
<h2>Demolished contributing properties</h2><br>
<h3>Burgan&#39;s Furniture Warehouse No. 2</h3><br>
<p>Formerly located at 7 E. Desmet, the Burgans Furniture Warehouse No. 2 was constructed in 1904 by an unknown architect and builder. The second brick warehouse completed in the district, it was the first home of the Spokane branch of the Parlin & Orendorff Implement Company before their own building was built next door the following year. It was later occupied by another implement dealer, A.E. Powell. It was rectangular in shape and two stories tall with windows along its north and south faces. The building was demolished in 2009 as part of the renovation of the block and construction of the Ruby Suites hotel in the former Burgans Furniture store building in the northwest corner of the block and adjacent Burgans Furniture Warehouse No. 1. Brick and wood from the building were preserved for use as decorations in Ruby Suites. Its location is now a parking lot.</p><br>
<h3>Burgan&#39;s Furniture "E" Building Warehouse</h3><br>
<p>Formerly located at 11 E. Desmet, the Burgans Furniture "E" Building Warehouse was constructed at the Northwest corner of Desmet Avenue and Ruby Street in 1907 as a paint factory for the Jones & Dillingham Company. It was a brick building standing three-stories in height with many windows. The building was demolished in 2009 as part of the renovation of the block and construction of the Ruby Suites hotel in the former Burgans Furniture store building in the northwest corner of the block and adjacent Burgan&#39;s Furniture Warehouse No. 1. Brick and wood from the building were preserved for use as decorations in Ruby Suites. Its location is now a parking lot.</p><br>
<p>The Saint Mary of Mount Virgin Roman Catholic Church is a historic church building located at 190 Sandford Street in the city of New Brunswick in Middlesex County, New Jersey. It was constructed during the tenure of Rev. Pasquale Mugnano , from Naples, who was pastor of the parish from 1923 to 1970. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on November 3, 2010, for its significance in art and architecture from 1928 to 1959.</p><br>
<h2>History and description</h2><br>
<p>The church was designed by Philadelphia architect Clyde Smythe Adams, Sr., in the Romanesque Revival style for the Italian-American community in New Brunswick. It was constructed from 1928 to 1929 by the John P. Hallahan construction company. Built using granite blocks with lighter stone trim, it features twin bell towers 90 feet high. In the 1930s, ecclesiastical artist, Gonippo G. Raggi, decorated the interior extensively, including large murals. The church also features 28 stained glass windows.</p><br>
<p>The Mary Wilkins Freeman House is a historic house located at 207 Lake Avenue in the Borough of Metuchen in Middlesex County, New Jersey. It was the home of the author, Mary Eleanor Wilkins Freeman . Built, the house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on January 17, 2020, for its significance in literature from 1902 to 1907.</p><br>
<h2>History and description</h2><br>
<p>The house is a two and one-half story frame building with Italianate style, built. While renting the house, Mary Wilkins Freeman described it in humor as: She married Dr. Charles Manning Freeman here on January 1, 1902. The couple stayed here until 1907, when they moved into a new house nearby. While here, she wrote about 47 of her works.</p><br>
<p>Wilson Feed Mill, also known as Alexander&#39;s Mill, is a historic gristmill at 7604 Canal Road in Cuyahoga Valley National Park in the USA state of Ohio. Andrew and Robert Alexander built the mill on the Ohio and Erie Canal in 1855 to grind flour for local farmers. At the time, the Cleveland area was a major wheat-producing region, in part because the canal let farmers ship flour across the Great Lakes. In 1900, Thomas and Emma Wilson bought the mill and expanded it to serve larger businesses. They also began grinding animal feed instead of flour at the mill in order to serve the growing feed market. The mill was the last operating mill in the Cuyahoga Valley and ran on water power through 1970.</p><br>
<p>The mill was added to the National Register of Historic Places on December 17, 1979.</p><br>
<p>Williams County Courthouse, at the intersection of Main and High Streets in Bryan, is the county courthouse serving Williams County, Ohio. The courthouse was built in the late nineteenth century to replace an earlier courthouse; Bryan had been the Williams County seat since 1840. Architect E.O. Fallis of Toledo designed the courthouse in the Romanesque Revival style, which was nationally popular in the late nineteenth century. The design for the courthouse was approved by the county in 1888, and the building&#39;s cornerstone was placed the next year; construction was completed in 1891. The courthouse features a large clock tower at its center and eight turrets on its sides, with a large and a small turret atop each entrance bay.</p><br>
<p>The courthouse was added to the National Register of Historic Places on May 7, 1973.</p><br>
<p>The Kunkle Log House, also known as the Jacob Young Log House, is a historic log cabin located on County Road O east of Kunkle, Ohio. Jacob Young, who moved to Ohio from Vermont with his family, built the house in 1838. It was the first log cabin in Williams County, as the area was thinly settled at the time and most houses were built from sawn wood instead of logs. The one-and-a-half story house has a stone foundation, an external oven, and a full basement; the latter two features are uncommon in log cabins. The interior contains a full kitchen and living room, three bedrooms, a borning room, and a parson&#39;s cupboard used to hold the family Bible.</p><br>
<p>The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on August 5, 1976. It is currently owned by the Williams County Historical Society, which is restoring the property.</p><br>
<p>The Mount Vernon School, also known as the Chatham Red Brick Schoolhouse, is a historic school building located at 24 Southern Boulevard in the Long Hill section of Chatham Township in Morris County, New Jersey. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on July 7, 2022, for its significance in education, politics/government, and social history from 1860 to 1970.</p><br>
<h2>History and description</h2><br>
<p>The two-story brick schoolhouse was built in 1860 to serve the Mount Vernon Washington School District No. 7. The first floor was for education and the second floor for Sunday school and church services. In 1929, the school was closed after the new Southern Boulevard School opened. In 1930, it was purchased by Elliott and Martha Averett and used as a community center. In 1956, they deeded it back to the township. After renovations, the township used it as the Chatham Township Hall from 1958 to 1988. The Chatham Township Historical Society has used it as a local history museum since 1991.</p><br>
<p>The Shady Rest Golf and Country Club is located at 820 Jerusalem Road in the Township of Scotch Plains in Union County, New Jersey. Established in 1921, it was one of the first, if not the first, African American country clubs in the United States. From 1931 to 1964, it was the home of John Shippen , the first American golf professional and the first African American to compete in the USA Open. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on July 7, 2022, for its significance in entertainment, ethnic heritage, recreation, and social history from 1921 to 1964. The township acquired the property in 1938 and converted it to a public golf course in 1964.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In 1798, Ephraim Tucker Sr. sold his farm to his son, Ephraim. Based on architectural and dendrochronology evidence, the son tore down the existing farmhouse and built a new two-story house. In 1808, he sold it to John Losey and his wife, Sarah. In 1830, Benjamin Losey inherited the house from his father, John, and soon built a two and one-half story section with Greek Revival style. Robert Rhea Johnston and his wife, Mary, were living here. The property remained in the family until 1882, when it was sold by the estate to George B. Osborn and his wife, Ellenora. She later lived in Westfield and sold the farm in 1899. Inter-Urban Realty Co. subsequently owned the property.</p><br>
<p>In 1900, the Westfield Country Club was organized as a golf club. It leased the land from Inter-Urban, built a 9-hole golf course and used the Osborn farmhouse as its clubhouse. At about this time, the house was expanded by adding two one-story wings and a full-length two-story porch with four columns. The club bought the property in 1912. Unable to expand, the club merged with the Cranford Golf Club to form the Echo Lake Country Club in 1921.</p><br>
<p>In 1921, the Progressive Realty Corporation was formed by African American residents and investors. They leased the property and opened the Shady Rest Golf and Country Club on July 28, 1921, with nearly 2,000 people attending. It was one of the first, if not the first, African American country clubs in the United States. Featuring a 9-hole course, six tennis courts, croquet, horseback riding, a baseball diamond and skeet shooting, it was the finest and longest lasting.</p><br>
<p>In 1931, John Shippen, the first American golf professional and the first African American to compete in the USA Open, became the club golf pro and groundskeeper. He lived there for over thirty years, until 1964, in an apartment on the third floor of the clubhouse. One room on the first floor is now dedicated for the John Shippen Museum.</p><br>
<p>Club financial problems led to the township acquiring the property in 1938 through a tax lien foreclosure, but allowing the club to continue operation. In 1964, the township converted it into a public golf course, named the Scotch Hills Country Club. The club was renamed back to its original name in its centennial year, 2021.</p><br>
<p>The Shady Rest Country Club was added to the New Jersey Black Heritage Trail in 2024.</p><br>
<h2>Course</h2><br>
<p>A 2,340 yard 9-hole golf course was built in 1900 by the Westfield Country Club. It was designed by David Smith Hunter, a Scottish golf professional. It is now a 2,247 yard long course with a par of 33. The course contributes to the NRHP listing.</p><br>
<h2>Tournaments</h2><br>
<p>On July 4 and 5, 1925, the club hosted the first International Golf Championship Tournament, also known as the National Colored Golf Tournament. It was won by Harry Jackson, with John Shippen second. The event was recorded on a newsreel created by Fox Films. The success of this tournament led to the formation of the United Golfers Association in 1926.</p><br>
<p>The Donwells Diner-Worcester Lunch Car Company Diner No. 774 or Miss Lorraine Diner is a historic dining car located at 560 Mineral Springs Avenue  in Pawtucket, Rhode Island, although much of the diners existence has been in Connecticut. Through various new locations and owners, it has also been known as Squeaks Diner, as Drakes Diner, as Donovan&#39;s Diner, and as The Hotel Diner.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The diner was originally known as Donwell&#39;s Diner in Hartford, Connecticut. This is a Worcester Streamliner dining car built in 1941 by the Worcester Lunch Car Company, and was located at 357 Asylum</p><br>
<p>Avenue in Hartford, Connecticut across from the Hotel Bond. The name was said to be a portmanteau of the owners names, J. Edward & Edith Donnellan and Chester L. Wells. In the summer of 1949, it was bought by Elliot Drake and John J. Hibben, and renamed as Drakes Diner. Drake was arrested in 1953 for failing to pay his employees, and the diner was renamed as Donovans Diner. By the mid-1950s it was bought by George Swan, and renamed The Hotel Diner.</p><br>
<p>In 1956, the diner was auctioned off and moved to Kensington, Connecticut, where it remained inoperative for a decade. In 1969, it was bought in another auction by Ida and Stanley “Squeak” Zawisa, who moved it to 190 East Main Street in Middletown, Connecticut, where it operated as Squeak&#39;s Diner until 1997.</p><br>
<p>The diner was purchased by filmmaker and diner enthusiast Colin Strayer in October 2003, who intended to move it to temporary storage near his home in Syracuse, New York. Discovered in a field in Middletown as part of another failed restoration attempt, it was later sold to another diner enthusiast named Jonathan Savage, who then moved it to Pawtucket at the Lorraine Mills Textile Manufacturing Complex along RI 15, where it remained dormant for more than nine years before opening on January 28, 2020.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2021.</p><br>
<p>The Lake Andes Carnegie Library, in Lake Andes, South Dakota in Charles Mix County, South Dakota, is a Carnegie library which was built in 1911. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2000.</p><br>
<p>The library is Prairie School in design, while the Charles Mix County Courthouse, also in Lake Andes, is the only Prairie School-style courthouse in the state.</p><br>
<p>The library was deemed significant "for its association with the Carnegie Library grants in South Dakota" and also for its simplified Prairie style, a style that was only 3% of the overall styles used for Carnegie Libraries."</p><br>
<p>There were 25 Carnegie libraries built in South Dakota. The Carnegie corporation gifted the Lake Andes library with $5000 toward the construction and foundation of the library. In 2017, Lake Andes librarian Mary Jo Parker was named South Dakota New Librarian of the Year, due to her work increasing children&#39;s programming at the library.</p><br>
<p>In 2022, it remains the public library of the town. The library has received grants from a number of organizations, including the South Dakota State Library, and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation.</p><br>
<p>The Saint Ann Roman Catholic Church and Rectory is located at 704 Jefferson Street in the City of Hoboken in Hudson County, New Jersey. It was constructed during the tenure of Rev. Michael Gori, who was pastor of the parish from 1921 to 1937. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on November 24, 2015, for its significance in architecture, religion, and ethnic heritage from 1925 to 1949.</p><br>
<h2>History and description</h2><br>
<p>The church was designed by the Italian-American architect Anton Louis Vegliante using Renaissance Revival style. It was built from 1925 to 1927 by Louis Infante and Son using yellow brick with stone details. The four-story bell tower on the southwest corner is a city landmark and features four cast bronze bells, dedicated to St. Ann, St. Anthony of Padua, St. Francis, and the Immaculate Conception. The interior of the church was decorated by the ecclesiastical artist, Gonippo G. Raggi, and includes paintings, statuary, and stained glass windows. Raggi also decorated the Saint Mary of Mount Virgin Roman Catholic Church in New Brunswick.</p><br>
